J. Mech. Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-14, No.-6 November-December (2019) pp 190-204
Copyright reserved © J. Mech. Cont.& Math. Sci.
Sajjad Ali et al
190
COMPARISON OF CARBON MONOXIDE FOR
METROPOLITAN CITY AT TRAFFIC STRESSED SITES –
A CASE STUDY OF KARACHI 2002 –2018
Sajjad Ali
1
, Raza Mehdi
2
, Syed Mohammad Noman
3
1,3
Department Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering and
Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
2
Department Urban and Infrastructure Engineering, NED University of
Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
1
sajjad.ali@neduet.edu.pk ,
2
mraza@neduet.edu.pk ,
3
syednoman@neduet.edu.pk
Corresponding Author: Sajjad Ali
https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2019.12.00015
Abstract
The concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) gas was measured at different
traffic stressed areas. This study aims to find out the air quality CO concentration in
the city of Karachi, Pakistan from 2002 to 2018. More than 300 sites were observed
in the year 2002 and 2018. Those observations were segregated with respect of type
of the day, time of the day and, at different elevations. Type of the day is then
categories on weekdays and weekends. Time of the day considered as morning,
afternoon and, evening. Elevations of observation were taken as 3.0 feet and 4.5 feet
above the ground. A CO Index was also checked for every combination. Geographic
Information System (GIS) maps were also crafted for every combination of days,
times and, heights to visualize the situation. At, 3.0 feet height for both cases of
working and weekdays it is observed that CO concentration is nearly half of that of
2002. At the elevation of 4.5 feet it is also going down but about 10% as compared to
2002. Even after having a decrement trend the area under study is unhealthy for
living. CO concentration was then predicted for years 2020, 2022 and 2025. Even
have a decrement trend, the living condition was not good for any of the projected
year for time of the day and type of the day. The main reason for having a decrement
pattern is changing fuel type and removal of old carriage buses.
Keywords : CO Concentration; Karachi Metropolis; Air Quality Index; Traffic-
related air Pollution.
JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND
MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
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ISSN (Online) : 2454 -7190 Vol.-14, No.-6, November - December (2019) pp 190-204 ISSN (Print) 0973-8975