Research Article Anethole Ameliorates Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Mice: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects Maryam Ghasemi-Dehnoo, Amir Abbas Safari, Mohammad Rahimi-Madiseh , Zahra Lorigooini , Mohammad Taghi Moradi , and Hossein Amini-Khoei Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoHosseinAmini-Khoei;aminikhoyi@gmail.com Received 13 October 2021; Revised 21 February 2022; Accepted 24 March 2022; Published 6 April 2022 AcademicEditor:TalhaBinEmran Copyright © 2022 Maryam Ghasemi-Dehnoo et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis properly cited. Anetholehaspossessedanti-inflammatoryandantioxidantresponsesinnumerousstudies.Oxidativestresshasapivotalrolein thepathophysiologyofcolitis.ecurrentstudyisdesignedtodeterminetheeffectofanetholeonaceticacid-inducedcolitisin mice in view of its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, 48 mice were grouped into 6 groups (n � 8), and colitis was induced with 0.2ml of 7% acetic acid. Mice received intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 constant days normal salineand/oranetholeatdosesof31.25,62.5,125,and250mg/kg,respectively.Aftertreatments,thecolonwasdissectedout,and histopathological changes, expression of inflammatory genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, and TLR4), and evaluation of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed. e results showed that colitis is associated with edema and inflammatory responses in all layers and severe damage to the epithelium of the colon. Colitis causes a decrease in TAC, an increaseinMDAlevels,andanincreaseininflammatorygenesinthecolon.Findingsdeterminedthatanetholeamelioratedthe adverseeffectsofaceticacid-inducedcolitisinthecolon.Itisconcludedthatanethole,partiallyatleast,possessedprotectiveeffects in acetic acid-induced colitis in mice through attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. 1. Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked with diarrhea, fecalbleeding,abdominalpain,andadditionalcolonicsigns suchasweakness,jointpain,andweightloss[1].Twomajor forms of IBD are including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) [2, 3]. Abnormal immune response to commensal flora causes over activation of the innate immune system [4]. In this situation, neutrophils penetrated into the epithelium, leading to production of proinflammatory intermediaries such as cytokines, eicosanoids, and reactive oxygen species [4]. roughout the inflammatory response, activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) leads to creation of proin- flammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β in the epithelium [5]. It has been well-found that colitis is linked withincreaseincreationoflipidperoxidationproductssuch as MDA and free radicals [6]. Now, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly prescribed for management of IBD. ese medications are not effective in all patients; furthermore, varioussideeffectslimitlongtimeuseofthesedrugs[7].Asa result, researchers are seeking for effective and safe agents for management of IBD. In this regard, in recent years, herbal and natural compounds have been very much con- sidered by researchers [8]. Medicinal plants and their active compounds have various pharmacological effects, containing anti-inflam- matoryproperties[9–13].Inthisrespect,earlierstudieshave demonstrated that medicinal plants and natural products diminished the inflammatory response in colitis [14–18]. Plenty evidence have exhibited that medicinal plants and their natural compounds possessed antioxidant activities [19,20].erearetwoanetholeisomersinnature,including Z (cis-anethole)and E (trans-anethole)[21].Trans-anethole isabundantlyfoundinfennel,anise,andstaranise,aswellas Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2022, Article ID 9057451, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9057451