Downloaded from www.microbiologyresearch.org by IP: 54.70.40.11 On: Sat, 08 Dec 2018 00:37:09 Paenibacillus vulneris sp. nov., isolated from a necrotic wound Stefanie P. Glaeser, 1 Enevold Falsen, 2 Hans-Ju ¨ rgen Busse 3 and Peter Ka ¨ mpfer 1 Correspondence Peter Ka ¨ mpfer peter.kaempfer@umwelt.uni- giessen.de 1 Institut fu ¨ r Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universita ¨ t Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany 2 Culture Collection University Go ¨ teborg, Dept. of Clinical Bacteriology, S-41346 Go ¨ teborg, Sweden 3 Institut fu ¨ r Bakteriologie, Mykologie und Hygiene, Veterina ¨ rmedizinische Universita ¨ t, A-1210 Wien, Austria A Gram-positive-staining, aerobic, endospore-forming bacterium, isolated from a necrotic wound of a 35-year-old man was studied in detail to determine its taxonomic position. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity comparisons, strain CCUG 53270 T was grouped into the genus Paenibacillus, most closely related to the type strains of Paenibacillus rigui (97.2 %), Paenibacillus xylanisolvens (96.3 %) and Paenibacillus chinjuensis (96.1 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strains of other Paenibacillus species was ¡96 %. Chemotaxonomic characterization supported the allocation of the strain to the genus Paenibacillus. The major menaquinones were MK-7 (85 %) and MK-6 (15 %). The polar lipid profile contained the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethano- lamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The polyamine pattern contained predominantly spermidine. The major fatty acids were iso- and anteiso-branched fatty acids. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed phenotypic differentiation of strain CCUG 53270 T from closely related species. Thus, strain CCUG 53270 T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus vulneris sp. nov. is proposed, with CCUG 53270 T (5JCM 18268 T ) as the type strain. The genus Paenibacillus was proposed by Ash et al. (1993) to accommodate members of ‘16S rRNA group 3’ bacilli. The type species of the genus was finally decided to be Paenibacillus polymyxa (Tindall, 2000; Judicial Commission of the International Committee for Systematics of Prokaryotes, 2005). Currently, the genus comprises more than 100 species isolated from various sources. Heyndrickx et al. (1995) transferred Bacillus validus to the genus Paenibacillus as Paenibacillus validus and in the subsequent years, several novel species have been described that show high similarity to P. validus: Paenibacillus ehimensis (Kuroshima et al., 1996), P. koreensis (Chung et al., 2000), P. chinjuensis (Yoon et al., 2002), P. naphthalenovorans (Daane et al., 2002), P. elgii (Kim et al., 2004), P. soli (Park et al., 2007), P. filicis (Kim et al., 2009), P. xylanisolvens (Khianngam et al., 2011) and P. rigui (Baik et al., 2011). In 2006, an endospore-forming bacterium was isolated in Tromsø, Norway from a necrotic wound of a 35-year-old man. Subcultivation was performed on tryptone soy agar (TSA; Oxoid) at 25 u C for 24 h. The cell morphology and motility were observed under a Zeiss light microscope at 61000 magnification, using cells that had been grown for 3 days at 25 u C on TSA (Oxoid). Gram-staining was performed by the modified Hucker method according to Gerhardt et al. (1994). The KOH test was carried out according to the method of Moaledj (1986). The physiological characterization was done according to the methods described by Ka ¨mpfer et al. (1991) and Ka ¨mpfer (1990). In addition, the presence of urease was tested on urea agar (Merck) supplemented with 2 % urea according to the manufacturers instructions (Christensen, 1946). Indole and sulphide production was tested in SIM agar according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Merck). The results are listed in the species description (below) and differentiating features from the most closely related species are listed in Table 1. DNA isolation for phylogenetic analysis was performed with a commercial DNA extraction kit (GenElute Plant Genomic DNA kit; Sigma). Universal primers 27F and 1492R (Lane, 1991) were used for PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Phylogenetic The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CCUG 53270 T is HE649498. Two supplementary figures are available with the online version of this paper. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2013), 63, 777–782 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.041210-0 041210 G 2013 IUMS Printed in Great Britain 777