Summer 2014 | 326
China and Japan: ‘Hot Economics, Cold
Politics’
May 21, 2014
By June Teufel Dreyer
June Teufel Dreyer is a professor of political science at the University of Miami and a
Senior Fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. She has served as Chief Far East
Specialist for the Library of Congress and as Asia Advisor to the Chief of Naval Operations;
has published numerous books and articles on such topics as ethnic minorities in China, the
Chinese military, Asia-Pacific security issues; is the author of a general book on China,
China’s Political System: Modernization and Tradition, now in its ninth edition. She is now
preparing a book on Sino-Japanese relations. This article is a revised version of a paper she
delivered at a conference on "The Great Divergence? Economic Integration and Political
Conflict in Asia,” cosponsored by FPRI and the Reserve Officers Association, held in
Washington, D.C. in October 2013.
Abstract: According to integration theory, growing economic interdependence between China and
Japan should have spilled over into more cordial political relations. The opposite occurred, as
summarized in the phrase “hot economics, cold politics.” Even as both sides acknowledge the value
of cooperation for shared benefit, commercial and strategic rivalries have intensified, calling into
question the validity of integration theory.
iven the progress of economic integration with its intricately engineered
global supply chains, social scientists have sought to find ways to extend
this inter-dependence to political institutions as well. The idea is that
shared economic fortunes will lead to common political visions and ultimately to
peace and harmony among the participating states. According to integration theory,
the process should start with shared resources managed by politically disinterested
technocrats. This will build trust, with greater trust enabling the development of an
organizational capacity to resolve disputes and the formulations of legal codes to aid
in dispute resolution. In a theory known as “neofunctionalism,” this structural
functionalism will create the basis for political integration through a process referred
to as spillover. Originally conceived as a model for European integration, it was
expected to be applicable to other regions of the world, as well.
G
This convergence has not happened in the case of China and Japan, and the
short to medium-term prognosis is not promising. The case for Sino-Japanese
doi: 10.1016/j.orbis.2014.05.002
© 2014 Published for the Foreign Policy Research Institute by Elsevier Ltd.