Research Open Access Dose-response impact of a soluble fber, NUTRIOSE ® , on energy intake, body weight and body fat in humans Laetitia Guérin-Deremaux 1* , Marine Pochat 1† , Cheryl Reifer 2† , Daniel Wils 1† , Susan Cho 3† and Larry E. Miller 2† *Correspondence: laetitia.guerin-deremaux@roquette.com † These authors contributed equally to this work. 1 ROQUETTE Frères, 62080 Lestrem, France. 2 SPRIM Advances Life Sciences, 235 Pine Street, Suite 1175, San Francisco, CA, USA. 3 NutraSource, 6309 Morning Dew Ct, Clarksville, MD, USA. Abstract Background: Results from observational and intervention studies have shown that increased fber intakes from diferent origins were related to positively impact weight management. Te hypothesis is that a non-viscous soluble dietary fber may infuence anthropometric parameters and caloric intakes. Methods: Tis 9-week randomized, double-blind, parallel clinical study in 100 overweight adults in China, investigated the efect of diferent dosages of dietary supplementation with a soluble non-viscous fber, NUTRIOSE® on caloric intake, body weight, BMI and body fat. NUTRIOSE® is a glucose polymer resistant to digestion in the small intestine and largely fermented in the colon due to the presence of specifc linkages. Subjects were randomized by body mass index and caloric intake, and then assigned to receive either placebo (orange juice) or 8 g, 14 g, 18 g, or 24 g/day of NUTRIOSE® mixed with orange juice (n=20 volunteers/group). Study products were orally consumed twice daily, three hours afer breakfast (at 10 AM) and four hours afer lunch (at 4 PM). Energy intake was assessed daily and anthropometric parameters were measured weekly. Results: In a comparison of time efects within the same treatment group, the NUTRIOSE® groups ate signifcantly fewer kcal at subsequent meals with diferences noted as early as 2 weeks for the 24 g group up to a reduction of 394 kcal/day and as early as 4 weeks for the 14g and 18g groups. Body weight and BMI decreased signifcantly in the 14, 18, and 24 g groups. Body fat decreased signifcantly in the 18 and 24 g groups. Conclusions: Tese results demonstrate that a supplementation for 9 weeks with NUTRIOSE® signifcantly reduces energy intake, mean body weight, BMI, and body fat with a dose-response relationship. Keywords: Dietary fber, dextrin, energy intake, body weight, body fat, body mass index © 2013 Guérin-Deremaux et al; licensee Herbert Publications Ltd. Tis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). Tis permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic levels and are associated with a cluster of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension and osteoarthritis. Population consuming diets high in dietary fiber have a lower incidence of these chronic diseases [1]. High intake of dietary fiber is thought to support the regulation of energy intake and satiety, making it useful in weight management. Reports suggest that people who eat more fiber often have lower body weight than people who eat less fiber [2]. Numerous studies have examined not only body weight, but also body composition [3]. In cross-sectional observational studies, fiber intake is inversely associated with body weight [4] and body fat [5]. The Seven Countries Study demonstrated a significant inverse association between dietary fiber intake and subscapular skinfold thickness [6]. In a longitudinal study among young adults, fiber intake was inversely associated with body mass index (BMI kg/m 2 ) at all levels of fat intake after adjustment for lifestyle and other confounding factors [7]. More recently, Tucker and Thomas [8] also found that increasing dietary fiber reduces the risk of weight and fat gain in women, independent of several potential confounders, including physical activity. A systematic review by the American Dietetic Association on the health implications of dietary fiber [9,10] shows that high-fiber diets provide bulk, are satiating, and have been linked to lower body weight [10]. Three recent prospective studies and two cross-sectional studies provide additional support for the role of dietary fiber in obesity prevention. Du et al., [11] followed a large cohort for 6.5 years and found that total fiber and cereal fiber were inversely associated with subsequent increases in weight and waist circumference. Likewise, a 20-month prospective cohort study (n=252) found that for each 1g increase in total fiber consumed, weight decreased by 0.25 kg and percent body fat decreased by 0.25 percentage points [8]. Similarly, a longitudinal study of dietary fiber intake (3g/1000 kcal) in Latino adolescents decreased their visceral adipose tissue (VAT) [12]. NUTRIOSE® is a purified resistant dextrin, a glucose polymer processed from wheat or corn starch and is considered as a dietary fiber [13-15]. In a first study, NUTRIOSE® supplementation for 12 weeks has demonstrated positive effects on body composition, energy intake and hunger in overweight men at a dosage of 34g/day [16]. A second study has been implemented in order to adapt the dosage of NUTRIOSE® to the dietary fiber recommendations. The primary and secondary objectives of this Global Epidemic Obesity ISSN 2052-5966