Research Article
The Dynamics Behavior of Coupled Generalized van der Pol
Oscillator with Distributed Order
Asma Al Themairi
1
and Ahmed Farghaly
2,3
1
Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
3
Department of Basic Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Majmaah University,
Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence should be addressed to Asma Al emairi; aialthumairi@pnu.edu.sa
Received 3 April 2020; Revised 18 June 2020; Accepted 6 July 2020; Published 28 July 2020
Academic Editor: Isabel S. Jesus
Copyright©2020AsmaAlemairiandAhmedFarghaly.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
In this paper, we presented different behaviors such as chaotic and hyperchaotic of the generalized van der Pol oscillator with
distributed order. We introduced the parameter intervals of these behaviors by computing the Lyapunov exponents of the
oscillator, which is a good test for classifying the dynamical systems’ solutions. e active control approach with the Laplace
transform technique was used to realize the antisynchronization and control of the proposed oscillator. Finally, numerical
investigations have been carried out on the dynamics of the proposed oscillator to verify the reliability of our analytical results.
1. Introduction
In 1920, van der Pol invented the van der Pol oscillator [1]. It
describes the oscillation of a triode in an electrical circuit. It
is a fundamental mathematical model, where it has many
numerous applications and exciting features. is oscillator
is used in designing many biological models such as
heartbeats [2], designing physical models such as mobile and
phone oscillators [3], and modeling of electrical systems [4].
Mathematically, there are many versions of the van der Pol
oscillator like
€ x + μ x
2
− 1 _ x + x � 0, (1)
€ x + x
3
+ ax
2
− 1 ( _ x � b(sin wt + y),
€ y + y
3
+ ay
2
− 1 ( _ y � b(sin wt + x),
(2)
where (1) was introduced in 1927 by Van der Pol and Van
Der Mark [4], and (2) was submitted in 1991 by Kapitaniak
and Steeb [5]. In this paper, we will introduce the sinusoidal
forcing with amplitude b and frequency w as a fractional
version of the generalized van der Pol of the form
€ x + x
3
+ ε x
2
− 1 _ x � b sin(wt), (3)
where μ, ε, a, b, and w are constants.
Fractional calculus plays an essential role in modern
science. It is a different and distinct method for dealing with
nonlinear systems along with the integer order. Fractional
order models are adequate for the description of dynamical
systems rather than integer order models. We can recognize,
describe, and know dynamic phenomena such as chaos,
hyperchaos, synchronization, and some other aspects of
fractional order models faster and more accurately than
those of the integer order of nonlinear systems. At present,
the application of fractional calculus in most scientific fields
has attracted much attention. So, the fractional calculus on
the dynamical system was essential and exciting, which had
been investigated recently by many researchers [6–10]. Here,
in our paper, we used distributed order as a type of fractional
calculus to study the dynamic behavior of nonlinear gen-
eralized van der Pol oscillator.
Distributed order calculus has been investigated for the
first time as the extinction of fractional order calculus by
Caputo [11]. Caputo et al. introduced useful properties for
the distributed order calculus [12–15]. Fern´ andez-Anaya
Hindawi
Mathematical Problems in Engineering
Volume 2020, Article ID 5670652, 10 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5670652