Development of Ozone Technology Fish Storage
Systems for Improving Quality Fish Production
Muhammad Nur
1*
, Maryam Resti
1
, Fajar Arianto
1
,
Zaenul Muhlisin
1
,Sosiowati Teke
1
, Ade Ika Susan
1,
Endang Kusdiyantini
2
Wuryanti
3
1
Department of Physics,
2
Department of Biology and
3Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and
Mathematics
Diponegoro University
Semarang, Indonesia
E-mail: m.nur@undip.ac.id
Tri A. Winarni
4
, Susilo
5
, and Harjum Muharam
6
4
Department of Fishery Product Technology, Faculty of
Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University
5
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Diponegoro University
6
Department of Management, Faculty of Business and
Economics Diponegoro University
Semarang, Indonesia
Abstract- Development of ozone technology fish storage system
(OTFIS) to maintain the quality of the fish has been done. The
ozone technology fish storage system (OTFIS) can be applied in
the fishing boat, fish storage in the Fish Auction Market, fish
storage in the means transport for fish. In this research, we
produced a prototype that was integrated by the fish container
and ozone generator. We used Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Plasma (DBDP) technology for ozone generator. The
characterization of ozone generator has been carried out and
showed that ozone generator can produce ozone concentration
from 0.5 ppm to 12 ppm. The ozone concentration in the area is
very suitable to be used in food technology. The ozone treatment
was performed on red tilapia representing the white-fleshed fish
with ozone concentrations from 0.5 ppm to 4.5 ppm. The results
of this treatment showed that organoleptic and TVBN of fish
were still appropriate with Indonesian National Standard (INS).
Beside that, TPC testing has been done on the red tilapia showed
that the higher the ozone concentration the smaller the remaining
of bacteria colonies. Similarly, for a variable of time, the longer
the exposure to ozone the less the remaining of colonies. The
results of this study have been adapted to realize of OTFIS with a
size of 50 cm x 50 cm x 100 cm (250 liters) and can accommodate
as much as 100 kg of fish.
Keywords: fish, storage, quality, plasma, ozone
I. INTRODUCTION
The Indonesian marine fisheries potential spread in
nearly all parts of the existing Indonesian waters as the
territorial sea of the archipelago and the waters of Exclusive
Economic Zone (EEZ). The Indonesian sea area is estimated
at 5.8 million km
2
with the longest coastline in the world at
81.000 km and the cluster of islands as much as 17.508. This
geographical situation has the potential of fish estimated as
many as 6.26 million tons per year. This amount can be
detailed as much as 4.4 million tons can be caught in the
waters of Indonesia and 1.86 million tons can be obtained
from Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (IEEZ) waters.
According to the Ministry of Maritime and Fisheries, the
Indonesian marine fisheries nominal value of 57.69 trillion
IDR, or the equivalent of 6.48 percent of GDP in 2012, while
the value of economic activity around 255.3 billion IDR. The
potential to grow by 7 percent if compared to the second
quarter 2013 to the second quarter of 2012 [1]. In addition to
marine fisheries, Indonesia also has great potential for
freshwater fisheries. The sector of freshwater fish aquaculture
in Indonesia has the potential to be developed through the
extension and intensification. The commodities of freshwater
fish farming such as catfish, carp, tilapia, and freshwater
ornamental fish have a fairly high demand in domestic and
export markets. Export markets demand a positive impact on
the increase in Indonesia’s foreign exchange.
The fishery export is closely related to the quality of fish
delivered, while the quality of the fish was associated to fish
storage technology from the whole process of traveling fish
caught up to the consumer. Currently, there are several
methods for preserving fish using methods including drying,
curing, salting, fermentation, and the most commonly used is
cooling. Most people in ways that can be harmful to health, for
example by using formalin for preservation of fish.
From the above discussion it can be concluded that, fish
storage technology has not been able to keep the quality of the
fish. The new technology is needed to resolve the issue. The
alternative is ozone technology. The utilization of appropriate
ozone technology and ozone dose right is believed to be used
for storage technology in the whole his journey process begin
caught to the consumer. The ozone technology has been
developed for the water sterilization process, vegetable or
food, medical equipment, and various other applications. In
1995, ozone was declared safe by Generalize Recognized as
Safe (GRAS) or was generally recognized to be safe by the
FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) for the treatment
of drinking water bottles. These applications are then
developed as "GRAS" for food processing by some experts the
last few years [2].
Ozone can be produced using two electrodes fed by high
voltage with gas fill between the two electrodes in the form of
pure oxygen gas or air. Between the two electrodes is covered
by a dielectric material in order to avoid the occurrence of arc
discharge. The factors that can affect ozone formation in
general are voltage, dielectric materials, the pressure, the
configuration system of the plasma reactor, and a gas in the
plasma reactor [3,4,5]. Ozone formation involves mechanism
of ionization and recombination both dissociation and
association. The reaction of ozone formation can be occured in
a plasma reactor [6].
2014 International Symposium on Technology Management and Emerging Technologies (ISTMET 2014), May 27 - 29, 2014,
Bandung, Indonesia
978-1-4799-3704-2/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE 167
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