LETTERS
N
2
-
Radical Anion Reversibly Formed at the Surface of “Electron-Rich” Alkaline-Earth
Oxides
Elio Giamello* and Maria Cristina Paganini
Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, UniVersita ` di Torino e Unita ` INFM di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9,
10125 Torino, Italy
Mario Chiesa and Damien M. Murphy
National ENDOR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Cardiff UniVersity, PO Box 912,
Cardiff CF10 3TB, U.K.
Gianfranco Pacchioni and Raffaella Soave
Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, UniVerista ` Milano-Bicocca, Unita ` INFM di Milano, Via R. Cozzi 53,
20125 Milano, Italy
Antal Rockenbauer
Chemical Research Center, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, PO Box 17, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
ReceiVed: NoVember 18, 1999
Physisorption of N
2
gas onto the surface of a metal oxide (MgO or CaO), containing paramagnetic trapped
electron centers (F
S
+
color centers), leads to the formation of a paramagnetic species that, on the basis of its
EPR spectrum and of the related spin-Hamiltonian parameters, is identified as a N
2
-
radical anion. The species
in fact contains two nitrogen atoms and its g and A tensors are in agreement with what observed for the N
2
-
radical trapped in irradiated crystal of various azides. The surface N
2
-
species is formed by surface-to-
molecule one-electron transfer, and its stability strictly parallels the stability of the physisorbed layer, the
species formation being completely reversible and pressure dependent. When the N
2
adlayer is desorbed, in
fact, the N
2
-
spectrum vanishes and the original F
s
+
spectrum is restored. Ab initio quantum chemical
calculations on an embedded MgO cluster fully confirm the observed phenomenon indicating, in agreement
with EPR analysis, the electron transfer of a large fraction of electron density into the π orbitals of the
admolecule.
Introduction
In the title of a recent paper by Gutsev et al.,
1
the question
about the existence of the N
2
-
radical anion was postulated and
both the stability and decay of this anion to the neutral parent
molecule plus a free electron were discussed on the basis of
sophisticated quantum chemistry calculations. Most of the
experimental work on such radicals and other negative species
are based on the interaction of target molecules with incident
electrons, and the resulting short-lived species are called
resonances or temporary negatiVe ions.
2
In the present Letter,
© Copyright 2000 by the American Chemical Society VOLUME 104, NUMBER 9, MARCH 9, 2000
10.1021/jp994126y CCC: $19.00 © 2000 American Chemical Society
Published on Web 02/09/2000