Availability and cost of gluten-free
products in Moroccan
supermarkets and
e-commerce platforms
Morad Guennouni
Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies,
Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Settat, Hassan First University,
Settat, Morocco and
FST de Settat, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco
Noureddine El Khoudri
Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Settat, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco
Aicha Bourrouhouate
Diet and Pediatry Unit, FMPM, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, and
Abderraouf Hilali
Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Settat, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco
Abstract
Purpose – The prevalence of celiac disease is increasing alarmingly. The only and effective treatment for this
disease is a strict gluten-free diet Efforts have been made by industrialists to produce gluten-free products
(GFPs); however, their low availability and high cost, compared to gluten-containing products (GCPs) still
remain among the factors that cause gluten-free adherence failure. The objective of this survey is to compare
the availability and cost of GFPs in supermarkets in two Moroccan cities, Marrakech and Casablanca, and on
e-commerce platforms and see how they compare to GCPs.
Design/methodology/approach – This is a cross-sectional study that targets supermarkets and
e-commerce websites that sell GFPs food and their GCPs equivalents. The price of each product is recorded
per 100 g.
Findings – The study surveys 271 GFPs and their 579 GCPs equivalents that were subsequently divided into
six categories. The “GF Cookie and Cakes” category came on top of the list of products. GFPs were more
available on e-commerce websites than at supermarkets in two Moroccan cities (p 5 0.003). The GFPs are 364%
(115–1309%) more expensive than their GCPs counterparts. Also, the authors recorded a significant price
difference between GFPs sold in supermarkets and those sold on online.
Originality/value – This study reveals that labeled GFPs are less available and more expensive than their
equivalents GCPs in Morocco. This affects GF diet adherence and quality of life of celiac patients. The patients
who use GFPs need financial compensation from the national government.
Keywords Coeliac disease, Availability, Cost, Gluten-free diet, Gluten-free product
Paper type Research paper
Availability
and cost of
gluten-free
products
Many thanks to the supermarket managers who gave the authors their agreement to access the data
collection.
Financial support: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or
nonprofit sectors.
Ethical considerations: This study focuses on gluten-free foods and counterpart products. Sampling
did not include celiac patients, so the notion of ethical consideration is absent.
Conflict of interest: None.
The lead author affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate and transparent account of the
study being reported. The lead author affirms that no important aspects of the study have been omitted
and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.
The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at:
https://www.emerald.com/insight/0007-070X.htm
Received 10 June 2019
Revised 14 October 2019
Accepted 30 October 2020
British Food Journal
© Emerald Publishing Limited
0007-070X
DOI 10.1108/BFJ-06-2019-0411