Review Article Watery Rose Apple: A Comprehensive Review of Its Traditional Uses, Nutritional Value, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutic Merits against Inflammation-Related Disorders Mouna Yassir , 1 Widad Ben Bakrim , 1,2 Mona F. Mahmoud , 3 BadrEddine Drissi, 1 Lamfeddal Kouisni, 2 and Mansour Sobeh 1 1 Agrobiosciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco 2 African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune, Morocco 3 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt Correspondence should be addressed to Mansour Sobeh; mansour.sobeh@um6p.ma Received 6 December 2021; Revised 29 April 2022; Accepted 7 May 2022; Published 27 May 2022 Academic Editor: Abdur Rauf Copyright © 2022 Mouna Yassir et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The myrtle family, Myrtaceae, constitutes over 5500 species, and Syzygium is considered the largest genus of the flowering plants within the family. The watery rose apple, Syzygium aqueum, is a traditional medicinal plant with various bioactive compounds distributed in all plant parts. These include phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and essential oils. S. aqueum extracts and their isolated compounds showed multiple beneficial biological effects such as antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, analgesic, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. This review is aimed at discussing all the available information about the nutritional value, traditional uses, and therapeutic properties of the leaves, fruit, and stem bark of the plant, in addition to the distribution of phytoconstituents in its different parts as well as recommend future research directions on this species to promote its clinical uses. 1. Introduction Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are recognized as toxic by- products of aerobic metabolism. They are continuously pro- duced as a result of normal cellular function and oxygen metab- olism where they facilitate important biochemical processes. ROS play an important signaling role in cells, like the defense against infections, gene regulation, neurotransmission, vasodi- lation, and oxidative signaling. A state of oxidative stress is gen- erated when the balance between ROS and cellular antioxidant enzyme levels is disturbed, resulting in potential cell damage. This oxidative stress could be a major contributor to the patho- physiology of several pathological disorders such as diabetes, inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, skin aging, and cancer [1, 2]. Natural products, delivered to the human body through diet and/or exogenous food supplements and consid- ered nonenzymatic antioxidants, have been reported to either inhibit the production of ROS and/or scavenge them, thus pre- venting the development of ROS-mediated diseases [3–5]. Nev- ertheless, the potential of several medicinal plants as a source of new drugs is still largely unexplored where only a small fraction has been investigated phytochemically and biologically [6–8]. The family Myrtaceae includes over 5500 species cover- ing between 130 and 150 genera. Syzygium is considered the largest genus of the flowering plants within the family. The genus includes 1100–1200 species that possess high diversity and are cultivated for many purposes. The species of this genus are distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world [8, 9]. Syzygium aqueum (Burm. f. Alston f.), a synonym of Eugenia aquea Burm. f., is one of the most common species within the genus Syzygium [10]. It is native to the Pacific regions, viz., Malaysia and Indone- sia, especially on Java Island, and extends to the tropics, Africa, and Southern Asia, specifically India and Thailand [11]. The common names of S. aqueum are water apple and jambo apple that are related to its succulent fruit. It Hindawi Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Volume 2022, Article ID 7502185, 17 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7502185