International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 22 (2019) pp. 4100-4104 © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com 4100 Interpretations of the Gricean Conversational Maxims Violations Ali Suleiman Awwad 1 , Amer Mohammaed Ayasreh 1,* , Nidal Motalq Ayasrah 2 , Nada AL-Sabti 1 1 Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Applied Studies and Community Service, P.O. Box 2435, 31441 Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 2 Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, P.O. Box 2435, 31441 Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. * Corresponding Author: Dr. Amer M. Ayasreh E-mail: ayasreh_amer@yahoo.com; amayasreh@iau.edu.sa Abstract Normal conversation anticipates that the speaker and the hearer to achieve a successful communication. Grice's perception of conversational maxims requires that speaker meaning be expectable on the basis of sentence meaning according to the violation of cooperative principles of conversation and the ability of the hearer to understand the speaker's meaning. However, this research reviewed serval contexts that applied the violation of the conversational maxims and found that the implicature change in the change of the context, where the manipulation of the conversational maxims plays hidden massage to color the choices to produce particular shades of meanings in terms of production and comprehension. Keywords: Maxim, Conversational Maxims, Violation, Cooperative Principles, Flouting of Conversational Maxims. 1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The linguist Paul Grice stated that the conversation is a cooperative activity in which, the speaker and the hearer (addressee) engaged to achieve a successful communication. According to the Grice’s theory the speaker and the hearer will cooperate to convey and to get the messages clearly in each turn of speech, so the speaker intents deliver his message clearly in an understandable fashion and the hearer intends to understand the speaker’s message in each turn of the conversation. Successful conversation is a conversation which fulfills the goals of cooperative principles; Grice (1989) summarized these goals into one main principle and four subheadings named as maxims. He defined his theory which is known as Grice’s Cooperative Principle as follows: “Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged” (p. 26). In his theory the ''Conversational Maxim'', Grice (1975, 1978, and 1989) identifies a set of principles that make language effective in communication. This principle is called co-operative principle divided into maxims of conversation; these maxims are: maxims of quality (be truthful); maxims of quantity (be informative as required; maxims of relation (be relevant); maxims of manner (be perspicuous). Grice (1975, 1969, and 1989), (Horn 2004) and (Frege 1984) investigate the conceptual relation between natural meaning and non-natural, linguistic meaning of utterances. Grice suggests two notions of implicature; conversational implicature is a generated inference when the maxims are flouted whereas, conventional implicature is defined as a non- truth conditional attached to particular lexical items and/or linguistic construction. The success of a conversation depends upon the way of interaction between the sender and the receiver. Cooperative principle can be identified as the way in which the speaker and the hearer attempt to make their dialogues effective and meaningful . To convey and to get the messages clearly in each turn of conversation the speaker and the hearer should cooperate among each other, so the speaker indents to deliver his message clearly in an understandable fashion and the hearer intends to understand the speakers’ message in each turn of the conversation. The conversation should follow some principles to be a successful conversation. Grice (1975) proposed a principle called “cooperative principle” and if the speaker and the hearer follow those principles they will have a successful communication and he named them as “Conversation Maxims” and he classified them into four groups which are: Quality Maxim , Quantity Maxim , Relation Maxim and Manner Maxim . Brown and Yule (1983:32) explain them as “The conversational convention or well-known as maxims, which support this principle are as follows: Quantity: Make your contribution as informative as is required (for the current purposes of the exchange). Do not make your contribution more informative than is required; Quality: Do not say what you believe to be false. Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence; Relation: Be relevant; Manner: Be perspicuous; Avoid obscurity of expression; Avoid ambiguity; be brief (avoid unnecessary prolixity); and be orderly.” In the next part the researcher will explain them one by one by giving examples for each maxim. Grice’s general principle could be explained clearly them by giving examples for each maxim and then explains the meaning of flouting maxims, observing maxims and implicature. The current researcher elaborates the four maxims of cooperative principle and also reviews some of the previous studies which relate to Grice’s theory of cooperative principles (1975) in several contexts