32
Copyright © All rights are reserved by Alamgir Naushad.
Current Trends in Computer
Sciences & Applications
Mini Review
Mini Overview of Key Issues in Routing for OSPF MANETs
Alamgir Naushad*, Muhammad Tanveer and Abd Ullah Khan
Faculty of Computer Sciences and Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: Alamgir Naushad, Faculty of Computer Sciences and Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and
Technology, Topi 23640, Pakistan
Received: January 28, 2019 Published: February 04, 2019
Abstract
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a well known and prominent Internet Protocol (IP) for network routing. By deploying a
link state routing (LSR) algorithm OSPF comes under the category of interior gateway routing protocols. In today’s wireless ad
hoc Internet, the current routing domain needs to maintain a peak level of service accessibility and availability, thus OSPF must be
extended to the wireless ad hoc network for maximizing routing performance in the network by taking into account key routing
issues, i.e., optimal Hello Interval, efficient flooding schemes, optimizing the traffic engineering related issues, optimum adjacency
creations, connectivity factors, reducing control overhead, and QoS and security challenges. In addition, OSPF is very effective
in its adoption of handling the network bandwidth utilization, therefore, wireless capacity planning is of utmost importance for
today’s Internet with the possible presence of wireless infrastructure. Improving routing stability in OSPF MANET under topology
change(s) due to variation in link connectivity becomes a very demanding challenge for the research community. Given a fascinating
volume of review for literature and unavoidable importance relating to OSPF extension to MANETs, there has still persist a need to
highlight key issues related with routing in OSPF MANET.
Keywords: MANETs; Routing; OSPF; Traffic Engineering; Connectivity Factors; Capacity Planning; Flooding Schemes
Introduction
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a very well-known and
prominent interior gateway protocol (responsible for routing) in
the today’s Internet [1]. The routing functionality of such protocols
can be seen within the domain, which can be, but not necessarily,
is part of or contained within an autonomous system (AS). OSPF
as part of the routing protocol comes under the group of link state
routing protocol, which generally allows every router present in
the network to learn about the complete network topology [2].
However, in order to achieve maximum routing performance, it is
now for almost more than 3 decades that the Internet protocols for
link state routing has been deployed in the Internet on the regular
basis. When we go back in history, the first major and functional
link state routing protocol was deployed in the year 1978, called the
Shortest Path First (SPF) by replacing the popular distance vector
approach in ARPANET at that time.
The OSPF Protocol is now being used by the Internet Service
Providers (ISPs) for almost more than 25 years as a link state
routing functionality in providing the Internet infrastructure. The
maximum years of experience running with the OSPF Protocol and
its wide spread deployment has put a lot of confidence in using it
as a reliable and stable link state routing and has demanded and
motivated the researchers from all over the world to put in the
efforts to create room for further improvements and enhancements
in its application for extending its operation to wireless ad hoc
media in MANETs. As a matter of fact, the quality of service (QoS)
requirements and the attributes of the routing infrastructures
in MANETs is a demanding challenge as the network topology is
frequently changing due to mobility [3,4].
The objective function of the OSPF-MANET Protocol is to
provide highly scalable routing functionality and more flexible
and robust operation on complex and highly dense networks. The
prime concern in today 0 s wireless media is to somehow keep in
limit the bandwidth processing requirements of the protocol while
recovering from the network failure (Speed of Convergence) in
the network topology is the prime concern [3,5]. Whenever there
is a triggered event in the OSPF-MANET domain, in such case the
ISSN: 2643-6744
DOI: 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000109