Real-time indoor air quality monitoring using the Internet of Things Ashokkumar Janarthanan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering Villupuram Villupuram, India jana.ashokkumar@yahoo.com Arjun Paramarthalingam Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering Villupuram Villupuram, India arjun @aucev.edu.in P.M. Durai Raj Vincent Department of Information Technology Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore, India pmvincent@vit.ac.in Amirthasaravanan Arivunambi Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering Villupuram Villupuram, India aasaravanan777@gmail.com Abstract—Globalization and industrialization have brought about their reverberation in the form of different simultaneous harmful components that affects environment's equilibrium conditions. The improper management of such materials has resulted in the contamination of essential ecosystem elements that serve as the foundation for human survival. The solution here is evaluating the degree of ferocity and then initiating preventive and eradication measures based on that information. In this work, air quality-based internet of things (IoT) nodes with MQ135 sensors were set to sense the presence and intensity of air pollutants, then transmit the recorded information to a mobile app and web via GSM module or WiFi system for data analysis and display. The MQ135 sensor monitors air quality since it detects the majority of dangerous gases and can correctly quantify their level. The air quality is consistently monitored and will raise an alarm when the air quality drops below a specific range, it indicates that there are significant amounts of dangerous pollutants like CO, CO2, C 2 H 4 , NO, NO 2, SO 2 and CH 4 present in the air. The air quality readings taken in PPM are regularly updated to the user through a mobile application to take necessary preventive action. Keywords— Internet of things (IoT), air pollution, indoor air quality, air quality index. I. INTRODUCTION Among the many different types of pollutants, such as air, water, soil, heat, and noise, air pollution is the most dangerous and severe. It also contributes to climate change and is the cause of many severe illnesses. Conferring to the World Health Organization (WHO), ninety percent of people on earth today breathe polluted air [1]. Atmospheric situations remain to worsen every year due to the fast evolution of civilization and industrialization. Additionally, air pollutants are harmful to both humans and the ecosystem, as shown by current problems with global air pollution like ozone depletion [2–3]. Moreover, air pollution has serious health issues, like lung cancer, heart disease, killing around 7 million people each year [4, 5]. Poor air quality has been a significant issue in recent years, particularly in developing countries. Regrettably, people presently have a low level of awareness regarding this issue. It is because of air quality monitoring devices at the local market that can truly assist people in identifying the quality of the air they are inhaling, encompassing both outdoor and indoor environments. Typically, air quality has been tested physically, with a volume of air being obtained from the environment (location) and examined in labs using special instruments such as electron mobility spectrometers, mass spectrometers and X-Ray fluorescence spectrometers. Despite its efficiency and dependability, this technology should not be used to provide information in real-time. Real- time data recording is critical when air quality deteriorates significantly and immediate notifications with mitigation actions are required [6]. According to recent research, poor interior air quality is more harmful than poor outdoor air quality [7]. Currently, most of the world's rural population relies on low-cost power sources such as raw biomass and unmaintained hobs or stoves for lighting and cooking. Low- cost measures like this contribute to the deterioration of indoor environmental quality and the exposure of house residents to a low-quality environment, resulting in poor health. Indoor air pollution directly influences human well-being than outdoor air since most of the individuals spend between 80–90 percent of their time in indoors [8–9]. Rendering to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the outdoor air is less toxic than indoor air [5]. The evaluation study in [10] examines how NO 2 levels affect enclosed spaces like schools and workplaces and found that NO 2 emissions in homes and offices couldn't meet WHO requirements because interior toxins are many times more likely to reach the lungs than air pollution, leading to conditions like sick building syndrome, chemical sensitivity, and dizziness. After reviewing the report, it was found that atmospheric NO 2 isn't the only factor to consider when determining personal NO 2 exposure. A variety of factors appear to increase NO 2 consumption, which has a harmful influence on human inhalation. These include using NO 2 -emitting equipment, 2022 Third International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Instrumentation and Control Technologies (ICICICT) 978-1-6654-1005-2/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 99 2022 Third International Conference on Intelligent Computing Instrumentation and Control Technologies (ICICICT) | 978-1-6654-1005-2/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICICICT54557.2022.9917990 Authorized licensed use limited to: ANNA UNIVERSITY. Downloaded on October 22,2022 at 07:32:42 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.