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Copyright © Canadian Research & Development Center of Sciences and Cultures
ISSN 1923-1555[Print]
ISSN 1923-1563[Online]
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On the Status of English as a “Lingua Franca”: An EFL Academic Context
Survey
Forough Rahimi
1,*
; Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri
1
1
Department of Foreign languages, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Shiraz, Iran
*
Corresponding author.
rahimi.forough@yahoo.com
Received 1 August 2011; accepted 14 September 2011
Abstract
Recent trends prevalent in the studies about language are
stressing the vital role culture, as an inseparable part of
language, plays in accumulating so-called international
or worldwide prestige. English has become the official
language of the business and scientific world (Schütz,
2005). There are a number of elements backing and
contributing to this process, directly or indirectly. These
elements are mostly of political nature. This study tries
to examine and question the present worldview of an
EFL academic context regarding the status of English. It
is carried out at two interwoven levels. The frst section
is devoted to the current status of English as the world’s
number one language of science, politics, sports, business
and the like. To this end, a brief, but concise historical
overview of “English as a lingua franca” or “English
as an international language” and the leading scholars
viewpoints in this regard, is provided. The next section
is an attempt to crystalize the factors that have helped
or are helping this language to gain and develop such
a worldview. This qualitative study is pursued through
triangulated data collection procedures in an EFL
academic context. The data required for this study was
gathered through observations, semi-structured interviews,
field notes, and focus group discussions. The results
signifed that English has found its way and position as the
world's most recognized lingua franca and this is a policy
which is left implicit and untouched in many contexts,
such as the Iranian EFL context.
Key words: English as a lingua franca; English in
academic context; Critical thinking
ForoughRahimi, Mohammad SadeghBagheri (2011). On the
Status of English as a “Lingua Franca”: An EFL Academic
Context Survey. Studies in Literature and Language, 3 (2),
118-122. Available from: URL: http://www.cscanada.net/
index.php/sll/article/view/j.sll.1923156320110302.308
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/j.sll.1923156320110302.308
INTRODUCTION
English as an international language has been a matter of
concern for many people in recent decades. Everybody
has a reason, or is fnding a reason, to learn it. This simple
argument is behind the valorization of English, and its
current status in the world. It is consolidating its presence
by engaging an increasing number of learners, who
are in need of learning the formal aspects of language
(grammar, vocabulary, phonology, etc.), proficient
teachers (preferably native speakers), getting acquainted
with the target culture (because of the generally accepted
view that learning a language requires familiarity
with the culture), and also materials and publications
(which should be developed by native speaker material
developers to feed their economic system). All the above
mentioned points, which form the basis of the concept of
linguistic imperialism, are believed to be the mechanism
that supports the spread of English as an international
language.
English has become the prevalent language of choice
in many countries. Its choice has affected the cultural,
political, or economic life of these countries in the
modern world, and this blunt domination of English as the
world's lingua franca is unique in history. Graddol (1997)
identifed three types of speakers usingEnglish: those who
speak it as a frst language (around 375 million speakers),
those who speak it as second or additional language (again,
some 375 million speakers), and those who learn it as a
foreign language (about 750 million learners). Graddol
Studies in Literature and Language
Vol. 3, No. 2, 2011, pp. 118-122
DOI:10.3968/j.sll.1923156320110302.308