Perceived Combat Readiness as Collective Efficacy: Individual- and Group-Level Analysis Boas Shamir Department of Sociology and Anthropology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel Esther Brainin Department of Behavioral Sciences Israel Defense Forces Tel-Aviv, Israel Eliav Zakay School of Leadership Development Israel Defense Forces Netanya, Israel Micha Popper Department of Psychology Haifa University Haifa, Israel In this study, we conceptualized perceived combat readiness, an important component of morale, in terms of collective efficacy beliefs and examined some of the anticipated correlates of collective efficacy beliefs as they apply to military combat units. We fo- cused on the following variables: soldiers’ experience, leader’s tenure, leader’s confi- dence in the unit, soldiers’ confidence in the leader, unit discipline, and members’ iden- MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY, 2000, 12(2), 105–119 Copyright © 2000, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Requests for reprints should be sent to Boas Shamir, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel. This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers. This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.