International Journal of Finance and Accounting 2015, 4(3): 187-194
DOI: 10.5923/j.ijfa.20150403.06
An Assessment of Financial Records Keeping Behaviour
of Small Scale Businesses in Ghana: A Case Study of
Bolgatanga Municipality
Abudu Dawuda
1,*
, Ibrahim Azeko
2
1
Bolgatanga Polytechnic, School of Business and Management Studies, Upper East Region
2
Bongo District Assembly, Upper East Region
Abstract This paper focuses on financial records keeping behavior of registered Small Scale Businesses (SSBs) in the
Bolgatanga Municipality. A multistage sampling method was used to select one hundred and twenty (120) respondents. As
per the study, majority of SSBs do not keep proper records of their businesses, hence, inability to measure financial
performance and position of their businesses. The factors that accounted for the failure of SSBs to keep proper records among
others include: lack of knowledge in accounting; expensive to hire qualified accounting staff; exposing financial information
for tax; time consuming and inability to quantify the value of proper records keeping and lack of internal control procedures.
It was also observed that the volume and value of transactions can influence records keeping behavior of SSBs owners. The
study, therefore, recommends that the National Board for Small Scale Industries (NBSSI) should assist small scale business
operators to keep proper records by organizing training on proper record keeping for them. The government agencies should
sensitize the small scale business operators about the need to keep proper records. A law on financial records of small scale
businesses should be passed and strictly enforced. The regulatory bodies should also provide simple accounting manual for
the businesses.
Keywords Book keeping, Small Scale Businesses (SSBs), Financial Performance
1. Introduction
A proper system of financial records keeping has become
integral part of managing enterprises in today’s competitive
and challenging business environment. A good financial
record keeping enables business organizations to plan
properly and also check for misappropriations of resources
of the organization. Reference [1] explains that keeping
proper books of accounts is essential to the growth and
survival of a business. In order to ensure efficiency,
effectiveness and the continuing survival of any business
organization, management must seek for reliable, relevant,
accurate and timely financial information for planning and
decision making.
Poor records keeping or non-availability of financial
records will lead to resources mismanagement and poor cash
management and this can cause the business to fail. Poor
records keeping makes it difficult to differentiate between
business transactions and personal transactions. It is the
responsibility of business owners and managers to avoid
* Corresponding author:
abdawud2004@yahoo.com (Abudu Dawuda)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ijfa
Copyright © 2015 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
using assets of the business for personal use at the expense of
the business [2, 3]. According to them a well-qualified
accountant should be employed to carry on this task. He or
she should have proper knowledge to control cash as
liquidity is the key to the success of any business. Qualified
Accountants play major roles in decision making process of
a business. Accountants with higher skills and experience
have greater influence on the decision making process of a
business [4]. With their skills and experiences, they are in a
good position to measure the financial performance and
position of a business. This allows users especially
management to plan and make economic decisions.
In a developing and unstable economy like Ghana
majority of the people are engaged in SSBs operations such
as wholesaling, retailing and small scale manufacturing.
Others include weaving, hairdressing, catering services,
carpentry and dressmaking. These small scale businesses
play a very vital role in the social, socio-cultural and
economic development of our country more especially in the
rural areas. They contribute positively to the living standards
of people. Due to massive contribution of SSBs to the
development of the country, the government of Ghana has
established the NBSSI in 1981 by an Act of parliament (ACT
343) to support the small scale enterprises in terms of finance,
exports and advisory service.