nternational Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8 Issue-11, September 2019
790
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number K14670981119/2019©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.K1467.0881119
The rapid development of industrial field giving a huge impact to
the society or even in organizations however total number of
accident is currently increase due to the lack awareness about the
important of safety and health issue. This study focusing on safety
and health issue and safety improvement at Palm Oil Mill at East
Malaysia. The mill is produce two products which are crude oil
and kernels. In order to identify the hazards in this mill, several
methods had been used such as questionnaires distribution,
interview session, observations, safety audit and body discomfort
survey. Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Analysis
(HIRARC) model were used in this study. The data collected and
recorded for the risk and ergonomic assessments. Risk and
ergonomic assessment is conducted after the hazards being
identified in all 6 stations of Palm Oil Mill with total 33 activities
were analyzed. Quantitative risk assessment was used by
considering the likelihood and severity of the hazards. The values
of risk were determined based on the table of likelihood and
severity. All the hazards identified is sort into station and level of
risk. The hazards with high value of risk is considered as the
problem identification. Comprehensive discussion and analysis
were done on the top three (3) high risk activities. The ergonomic
assessments which are Rapid entire body assessment and body
discomfort survey were used as a tools to support finding.
HIRARC model has successful being used to analyze the hazard
and risk exposure on the palm oil mill and action need to be taken
on the high risk activities to prevent from an accident.
Keywords : Ergonomic, REBA, HIRARC, Palm Oil Mill
I. INTRODUCTION
The development of agriculture in Malaysian brought the
increasing of performance in palm oil industry. Palm oil
production is the among main sector in Malaysia and
Malaysia also is one of the largest production in the world [1].
In Malaysia, there is more than 40% of oil palm plantation
holds by the private company. In the year 2016, Malaysian
Palm oil Board reported the oil palm planted in Malaysia up
to 5.74 million which mean increased 1.7% from the 5.64
Revised Manuscript Received on September 2, 2019.
Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman*,School of Mechanical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor,
81310 Malaysia.
Rajamuddin Mansur,School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, 81310
Malaysia.
Rozlina Md Sirat, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, 81310
Malaysia.
Mohd Firdaus Mohd Taib,School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, 81310
Malaysia.
Azanizawati Ma’aram,School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, 81310
Malaysia.
million hectares from the previous year. There have
increasing of new oil palm plantation at Malaysia, especially
in Sarawak where it shows the increase by 4.7% of planted oil
palm. The biggest area of oil palm planted still in Sabah state
with 1.55 million hectares followed by Sarawak 1.51 million
hectares. However, in peninsular Malaysia had recorded 2.68
million hectares of oil palm planted in 11 states ( MPOB,
2017). Table 1, shows the amount of palm oil production
from the Malaysia compared with the others countries
produce palm oil [2].
Table 1 : Top Palm Oil Producing Countries in The
World [2]
In the year 2016, dry weather due to the EL-Nino phenomena
was cause the production of crude palm oil decreasing. CPO
production drop 13% with 17.32 million tonnes compared
with 19.96 million tonnes in previous year. However, due to
the high quality of CPO production export value palm oil
product in 2016 increase to RM64.58 billion from RM63.2
billion in 2015. One of the aspect to have high quality of
product, comes from the high performance of Mill and
refineries. MPOB recorded that in Malaysian, the total mills is
about 454 with the capacity operations exceeded 111,966,200
tonnes per year. The high capacity of CPO production was
come from Peninsular Malaysia with 57,178,000 followed by
Sabah 33,679,200 and Sarawak with 21,109,000 tonnes of
CPO production. The total refineries in Malaysia are 53 and
the capacity exceeded 27,669,171 tonnes per year. The largest
amount of product shows the high performance and
technologies were implemented in the refinery makes the
process more hygiene and produce high quality of product.
Malaysian Palm Oil Board, MPOB shows the result of
number of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) mills at Sabah is 129 mills
and the capacity in operations exceeded 33,679,200 tonnes
per year.
Safety and Risk Evaluation using HIRARC
Model at Palm Oil Mill
Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman, Rajamuddin Mansur , Rozlina Md Sirat , Mohd Firdaus Mohd
Taib, Azanizawati Ma’aram
Rank Country
Production
(in metric tons)
1 Indonesia 3,60,00,000
2 Malaysia 2,10,00,000
3 Thailand 22,00,000
4 Colombia 13,20,000
5 Nigeria 9,70,000
6 World 58,800,000