1 Abstract—Seepage capillary anomalies in the active layer of soil, related to the soil water movement, often cause variation of soil hydrophysical properties and become one of the main objectives of the hydroecology. It is necessary to mention that all existing equations for computing the seepage flow particularly from soil channels, through dams, bulkheads, and foundations of hydraulic engineering structures are preferable based on the linear seepage law. Regarding the existing beliefs, anomalous seepage is based on postulates according to which the fluid in free volume is characterized by resistance against shear deformation and is presented in the form of initial gradient. According to the above-mentioned information, we have determined: Equation to calculate seepage coefficient when the velocity of transition flow is equal to seepage flow velocity; by means of power function, equations for the calculation of average and maximum velocities of seepage flow have been derived; taking into consideration the fluid continuity condition, average velocity for calculation of average velocity in capillary tube has been received. Keywords—Seepage, soil, velocity, water. I. INTRODUCTION N recent years, the World faces the water shortage problem. It is estimated that at present, about 1.5 billion of the world population is in the water shortage, while in 2050 this number is expected to reach 3.5 billion [1]. Currently, in spite of the fact that water resources may be enough in the whole country, still there is not the state producing agricultural products, which does not experience serious difficulties in terms of watering of the certain areas. Like many countries in the world, Georgia experiences particular difficulties in supplying water to the regions which are encompassed in the semi-arid areas, as the demand of water here is quite high, though its availability is considerable low. As for the volume of water demand, among water management branches, agriculture sector is one of the major water-consumer, since about 70% of the existing water resources come to the irrigation water. Experts have estimated that the reduction of irrigation water consumption by 10% will save more water than that it is consumed by all water-users together [1]. According to many studies, among the irrigation technologies, the drip irrigation is the most reliable. Even in a case of using this method, water loss amounts about 30% if the irrigation mode is incorrectly selected [2], [5], [6], [9], [11]. Errors during the selection of watering regime parameters are mainly conditioned by ignorance or negligence of the inaccurate data of physical or mechanical properties of the soil, water and air modes data, seepage or other factors in the models illustrating soil moisture dynamics. Maia Lomishvili is with the Department of Agriculture, Georgian Technical University, Georgia (e-mail: makomako429@mail.ru). Regarding the soil moisture issue, in the irrigation and drainage practices, the quantity of soil humidity is characterized by two indicators: the soil moisture and moisture capacity. In some cases, humidity is expressed in percentages or in units depending on different types of moisture capacity. Namely, full water saturation or marginal field water saturation is expressed in percentages. Obviously, this feature will be a relative term. In practice, for the determination of the moisture content, a variety of physical and electromagnetic methods are used. The forms of water in the soil are determined by its aggregate condition, degree of dispersion, and interaction with solid and air parts of the soil as mentioned above. The two forms of the soil moisture are distinguished: linked water (gravitational forces do not participate in movement of linked water) and free water, which moves impacted by the gravitational as well as other forces. The definition of the different forms of the water in the soil in this way is conditional and enables to qualitatively estimate the impact of different factors on soil moisture. Chemically linked water is part of minerals molecules of soils. Constitutional water may be separated from the soil by overheating at high temperature, which is accompanied by the decomposition of minerals. Constitutional moisture’s largest number (3-5% of the soil dry weight) is in clay minerals [3]-[5]. It is obvious that this category of water depends on the quality of fragmentation of the soil solid component degree, so on dispersion and colloid bulk quantities. Often, its number is determined by the correlated skeleton’s specific surface. Between maximum horoscopy and maximum molecular water capacity, resistant moisture fades. By reducing the moisture, the plant cannot rebuild vitality by the next humidity. There is also initial stage of the moisture level when plants start to fade, which can be eliminated if water supply/ irrigation is restarted/renewed. The plant fading begins when the water absorption by root system is less than transpiration. Different plant roots have different absorption abilities, so the declining power of critical humidity varies. In natural conditions, a variety of soils which covers with the different seepage rates causes the intensity of the water outflow, and therefore, stipulates the changes of the distribution diagram of vertical distribution of velocity. It should be noted that the issue of vertical distribution of velocity at any intensity of water seepage outflow has not been determined yet due to the absence of a convincing mathematical model of this quite difficult event. Specifically, this factor may explain the main focus of researchers on the creation of seepage equations and its laboratory and natural researches. [1] Soil Moisture Regulation in Irrigated Agriculture I. Kruashvili, I. Inashvili, K. Bziava, M. Lomishvili I World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 843 International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(12) 2016 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10006080 International Science Index, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10006080