Citation: Venturini, A.; Pancake, M.;
VanCleave, W.; Wan, Y.; Cornish, K.
Invention of a Medical Glove
Durability Assessment Device.
Inventions 2022, 7, 62. https://
doi.org/10.3390/inventions7030062
Academic Editors: Shoou-Jinn
Chang and Seung Hwan Ko
Received: 7 June 2022
Accepted: 18 July 2022
Published: 22 July 2022
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inventions
Article
Invention of a Medical Glove Durability Assessment Device
Ashley Venturini
1
, Mary Pancake
2
, Walt VanCleave
2
, Yongbo Wan
2
and Katrina Cornish
1,3,4,
*
1
Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, OH 43210, USA; venturini.3@osu.edu
2
Center for Design and Manufacturing Excellence, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
pancake.6@osu.edu (M.P.); vancleave.3@osu.edu (W.V.); wan.239@osu.edu (Y.W.)
3
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
4
EnergyEne Inc., Wooster, OH 44691, USA
* Correspondence: cornish.19@osu.edu
Abstract: Healthcare workers across the globe rely on medical gloves to prevent the transfer of
harmful bacteria and viruses between themselves and their patients. Unfortunately, due to the lack of
an in-use durability standard for medical gloves by the American Society for Testing and Materials,
many of these gloves are of low quality and are easily torn or punctured, exposing wearers and
patients to potentially deadly diseases. To solve this problem, a device that automatically detects
material failures the size of a pinhole during active testing was invented. The device consists of a
prosthetic hand, vacuum pump, mobile textured roller, pressure sensor, and liquid spray system. It
works by creating a vacuum inside the glove and repeatedly moving the textured roller into contact
with the fingertips, which, on the prosthetic hand, are porous. When a glove perforates, the vacuum
is broken, pressure within the hand rapidly increases, and the operator is alerted on a touchscreen
that the glove has failed. In addition, the liquid spray system allows the user to test gloves in “real
world” conditions, because healthcare workers often come into contact with liquids that may alter
glove durability. As a preliminary test of the device’s accuracy, five nitrile and five latex exam gloves
were tested using the system’s default settings. Natural latex is known to be the highest performing
glove material, so the nitrile gloves were expected to fail more quickly than the latex gloves. The
test results concur with this expected order of failure: nitrile first, with an average failure time of
300 s and 42 average number of roller touches, followed by natural latex, with an average failure
time of 2206 s and 300 average number of roller touches. These results provide evidence that the
device accurately ranks glove durability, and therefore could be used to develop an ASTM durability
standard and improve the quality of gloves made from different polymers.
Keywords: glove durability; medical examination gloves; durability standard
1. Introduction
Medical gloves are an essential piece of personal protective equipment (PPE) because
they act as a protective barrier, preventing the transfer of bacteria, viruses, and toxins from
healthcare worker to patient and vice versa. With the emergence and spread of COVID-19 in
early 2020, the demand for medical gloves doubled, resulting in many healthcare facilities
facing a shortage of these necessary supplies [1,2]. Despite the important role of gloves
in disease prevention, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards
for rubber surgical gloves (D3577-19) and rubber examination gloves (D3578-19) lack a
specification for in-use glove durability once the gloves are removed from their packaging
by the consumer [3,4]. Manufacturing and polymer differences mean that some types of
gloves are more prone to breakage under stress than others. Unfortunately, the current
ASTM standard for the detection of holes in medical gloves only measures the incidence of
gloves with holes before their actual use, and this protocol entails merely filling a glove
with tap water and observing it for leaks [5].
Inventions 2022, 7, 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions7030062 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/inventions