J Intell Manuf (2011) 22:585–595
DOI 10.1007/s10845-009-0321-7
Classification knowledge discovery in mold tooling test using
decision tree algorithm
Duen-Yian Yeh · Ching-Hsue Cheng ·
Shih-Chuan Hsiao
Received: 28 April 2009 / Accepted: 21 September 2009 / Published online: 7 October 2009
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009
Abstract The scale of Taiwan’s mold industry was ranked
the sixth in the world. But, under the global competitive pres-
sure, Taiwan has lost its competitive advantage gradually.
The only chance of Taiwan’s mold industry lies in improv-
ing the competitive abilities in product research, develop-
ment and design. In mold manufacturing cycle, mold tooling
test plays a very important role at accelerating the speed of
production. An experienced engineer can minimize the error
rate of mold tooling test according to his rich experiences
in parameter adjustment. However, this experience is mostly
implicit without theoretical basis and its knowledge is diffi-
cult to be transmitted. Benefiting from the well development
of data mining technologies, this study aimed at construct-
ing an intelligent classification knowledge discovery system
for mold tooling test based on decision tree algorithm, so
as to explore and accumulate the experimental knowledge
for the use of Taiwan’s mold industry. This study took the
only high-alloy steel manufacturer in Taiwan for case study,
and performed system validation with 66 record data. The
results showed the accuracy rates of prediction of training
data and testing data are 97.6 and 86.9%, respectively. In
addition, this study explored two classification knowledge
rules and proposed concrete proposals for tooling test param-
eter adjustment. Moreover, this study provided two ways,
rule verification and effectiveness comparison of four mining
algorithms, to conduct model verification. The experimental
D.-Y. Yeh
Department of Information Management, Transworld Institute
of Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
e-mail: yeh@tit.edu.tw
C.-H. Cheng (B ) · S.-C. Hsiao
Department of Information Management, National Yunlin University
of Science & Technology, 123 University Road, Section 3, Douliou,
Yunlin, Taiwan
e-mail: chcheng@mis4k.mis.yuntech.edu.tw
results showed the decision tree algorithm has an excellent
discriminatory power of classification and is able to provide
clear and simple reference rules for decisions.
Keywords Mold tooling test · Knowledge discovery ·
Data mining · Decision tree · Mold industry
Introduction
In Taiwan, the mold industry is known as the “mother of
industry,” which is the foundation of mass production of
products. Molds are the best tools for product standardiza-
tion, mass production and cost cutting of either simplest com-
modities or highly precise electronic parts. Figure 1 shows
the import and export values statistics of the mold industry
in Taiwan from 1998 to 2007. The annual gross values in the
recent 4 years were among NT$55–60 billions, which ranked
Taiwan the sixth in the world. In detail, the import and export
values distribution between Taiwan and various countries in
2007 is shown in Table 1. As seen, Mainland China was the
largest market to Taiwan, which accounts for 30.99% of the
export value and 44.29% of the import value (Taiwan Mold
and Die Industry Association 2009).
In the application market, Taiwan gives priority to molds
for electronic communication products. The characteristics
of electronic communication industry include shorter product
life cycle, shorter time to Market, and more product types but
small quantity. The electronic communication industry needs
to improve the design capacities of products and also expe-
dite the development speed of products, in order to respond
to severe challenges. In fact, in the cycle of product devel-
opment, the design and manufacturing capacities of molds
are key elements. In terms of economy and technology, the
relative advantages of Taiwan include fast pre-production,
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