Review Article
Integrated catchment assessment of riverine landscape
dynamics
Peter Molnar*, Paolo Burlando and Wolfgang Ruf
Institute of Hydromechanics and Water Resources Management, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH),
Zürich, Switzerland
Received: 4 February 2002; revised manuscript accepted: 22 March 2002
Abstract. The traditional approach to study riverine
environments focuses on the river reach scale, with
streamflow as a steady state driving force. Here, the ac-
cent is on the dynamic nature of streamflow. Impacts of
the hydrological regime, of floods and streamflow vari-
ability, on riverine landscapes are reviewed. To evaluate
such impacts, it is necessary to focus on the entire catch-
ment in an integrated fashion, so that local changes in
river morphology and river habitat can be evaluated in
context with upstream catchment processes. A framework
for an integrated physically-based catchment modelling
system, based on models of hydrology, hydrodynamics,
sedimentology and ecology, is presented. The hydrologi-
Aquat. Sci. 64 (2002) 129 – 140
1015-1621/02/020129-12
© EAWAG, Dübendorf, 2002
Aquatic Sciences
cal element addresses runoff response in a catchment on
a continuous basis in time and distributed in space, while
the hydrodynamic, sedimentological and ecological ele-
ments address the interactions and feedbacks between
water, sediment and the ecosystems at the scale of the
river corridor. The models are arranged in a nested
fashion, with long-term quantification of catchment and
river system dynamics as the main objective. A long-term
vision of catchment processes is important for the
evaluation of potential anthropogenic influences and
climate change effects, as well as for the evaluation of
river conservation projects.
Key words. Hydrological regime; floods; catchment analysis; modelling; riverine landscape.
Introduction
Streamflow plays a central role in shaping the physical
and biological environments of riverine landscapes. Lo-
cal disturbances, for instance by flood-induced erosion,
redistribution of sediment or accumulation of debris, may
lead to severe habitat changes. It is also recognised that
periods with low flow or, more generally, streamflow
variability are crucial for habitat recovery (e.g., Minshal,
1988; Resh et al., 1988; Poff and Ward, 1989; Poff, 1996).
All of these elements constitute the natural hydrological
regime as a determining factor for riverine ecosystems
(Poff et al., 1997).
One of the fundamental challenges in hydrology and
ecology is the evaluation of the soil-vegetation-climate
interactions and feedbacks as they pertain to ecosystems,
at different spatial scales. The natural hydrological
regime is a product of such complex interactions on a
catchment scale. The onset of changes in the physical en-
vironment of rivers is often dictated by these interactions.
As a result, local changes in river morphology as well as
river habitat are connected with large-scale catchment
features such as climate, geology, topography, and catch-
ment response in general. This continuity is especially
crucial for assessing long-term catchment and ecosystem
dynamics, and for investigating the role of heterogeneity
* Corresponding author address: ETH Hönggerberg,
CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland; phone: +41-1-6332958;
fax: +41-1-6331061; e-mail: molnar@ihw.baug.ethz.ch
Published on Web: June 19, 2002