J. Mt. Sci. (2
Abstract:
Malakand
across its d
pressure in
were taken
seeds for
information
address th
composition
Olea ferru
Hindukush
five commu
identified u
Total tree d
and basal a
having a rel
of 48% to 9
of the dom
generally lo
in the stu
ferruginea
that forests
in previous
owing to s
(mean max
Comp
ferrug
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NASRU
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KISHW
SHAHI
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013-28
© Scie
Received: 15
Accepted: 1
2015) 12(3): 64
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his knowledg
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area from 19.
lative density
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minant and su
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disclosed a b
were heavily
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x. 300±34 y
position
ginea R
tan
ULLAH Khan
Z Ali
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ratory of Plant
00, Pakistan
artment of Plant
tute of Environm
on: Nasrullah K
inea Royle fores
31-1
ence Press and I
5 July 2013
September 2014
47-658
ance of Ole
s been signi
range due t
past. A num
this species
uction, with
cology and m
ge gap, we
and regenera
sts in Mala
akistan. In th
nated by Olea
agglomerativ
ed from 153-
55 to 2353 m
y of 51% to 87
ively. The den
ubordinate tr
lect their nar
ize-class dist
bell-shaped pa
y exploited by
nd recently b
in the stud
years) and an
n, Struct
Royle Fo
n
1
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Ecology Depar
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e-ma
a ferruginea
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akand Divis
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rrow distribu
tributions of
attern, indica
local inhabit
by armed fo
dy area. The
nnual increm
ture an
orests fr
orcid.org/000
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tment of Botany
ool of Biological
University of K
shwar A, et al.
ukush range of
untain Hazards
ail: jms@imde
a in
uced
genic
tives
etter
basic
. To
the
cs of
sion,
udy,
were
lysis.
s/ha,
Olea
area
niles
were
ution
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age
ment
(3.2
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rom Hi
00-0002-0447
474-1931; e-m
03-3670-3069
-0003-1637-6
y University of
Sciences, Unive
Karachi, Gulsha
(2015) Compo
Pakistan. Journ
and Environme
e.ac.cn
2±1.2 years/c
ed and genera
ad leaved sp
est trees can
meter trees i
ble linear r
meter (r
2
=
od predictor o
w of its rel
itive ring-w
ms to be a su
ndrochronolog
ndukush rang
m this stud
mposition, str
er subtropica
ywords: Ole
rd’s agglomer
ndroecology
troduction
Pakistan is
ions with ab
neratio
indukus
7-572; e-m
ail: fayazali28
9; e-mail: kish
6638; e-mail: s
Malakand, Cha
ersity of Readin
an -e-Iqbal 7530
osition, structur
nal of Mountain
ent, CAS and Sp
DOI: 1
cm) indicates
ally slow grow
pecies studie
be found by
in the area.
relationship
0.779), indic
of age for this
latively slow
width charac
itable choice
gical studies
ges of Pakista
dy may help
ructure and r
al broad leave
ea ferruginea
rative cluster
n
s broadly di
bout 6000 pl
on Dyna
sh Rang
ail: nasrullahd
81@gmail.com
war@hotmail
shahid_shauk
akdara Dir Low
ng, RG6 6AS, th
00, Karachi, Pak
re and regenera
n Science 12(3)
pringer-Verlag B
http://jm
0.1007/s11629
s that the spe
wing among t
ed so far. H
y the explorat
In addition,
between th
cating that di
s broad leaved
growth, lon
cteristics O.
for dendroec
in lesser Him
an. The resu
p in underst
regeneration
ed species.
a; Species com
r analysis; See
ivided into 9
lant species
amics of
ge of
dushkheli@ya
m
l.co.uk
at2007@yaho
wer Khyber Pakh
he United Kingd
kistan
ation dynamics
. DOI: 10.1007
Berlin Heidelber
ms.imde.ac.cn
9-013-2831-1
647
ecies is long
the different
However, the
tion of large
we found a
he age and
iameter is a
d species. In
ngevity and
ferruginea
cological and
malayan and
ults obtained
tanding the
dynamics of
mposition;
edling;
9 ecological
(Sher et al.
f Olea
ahoo.com
oo.com
htunkhwa
dom
of Olea
/s11629-
rg 2015