Quality and production control in multiple-product
unreliable manufacturing system
A. Hajji*., A. Gharbi**.,S.Dellagi***
*Department of Operations and Decision Systems & CIRRELT, Laval University, CANADA
(e-mail: adnene.hajji@osd.ulaval.ca).
**Department of Automated Production Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, CANADA
(e-mail: ali.gharbi@etsmtl.ca)
***Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Production of Metz , Université Paul Verlaine de Metz, France
(e-mail: dellagi@univ-metz.fr)
Abstract: This paper seeks to address the joint production and quality specification control problem in
multiple-product unreliable manufacturing systems. In this context, the decision maker should make the
best compromise between production and quality policy to adopt so as to maximize the long term average
per unit time profit. This compromise is required given that the policies governing the production and
quality decision making can be conflicting. In fact, tight process specifications will generally lead to
products with good quality and higher market values, but at the same time associated with higher rate of
non-conforming parts rejection leading to higher non quality costs and lower plant productivity.
Moreover, one should consider the unreliability of the manufacturing system. To hedge against future
capacity shortages caused by machine failures, the decision maker should adopt an adequate production
policy in order to meet customer demand and minimize the incurred total cost. The paper tackle the
problem in a dynamic stochastic context with a combined approach, based on optimal control theory,
simulation modeling and response surface methodology. The obtained results are promising and show
that the profit under the considered joint policy is improved up to 7% compared with dissociated
production and quality strategies.
Keywords: Quality specification, production control, hedging policy, simulation, experimental design.
1. INTRODUCTION
Although the production control decisions taken to improve
manufacturing system productivity have a direct impact on
the quality and the market value of products, joint production
and quality decision making problems, especially in a
dynamic stochastic environment, remain relatively
unexplored. In a deterministic context several researchers
have studied the interaction between manufacturing activities
(production & maintenance) and quality control. Integrated
models were proposed and the benefits of integrated decision
making were established. In particular, the reader is referred
to Ben Daya and Rahim (2000), Ben Daya (2002) and Lee
and Unnikrishan (1998).
To the best of our knowledge, in a dynamic stochastic
context, only a limited number of papers have thus far
considered the intersection between quality control and
production control issues. As we see it, the most
comprehensive contribution has been a series of works by
Kim and Gershwin (2005 and 2008), who introduce dynamic
models of machines including in addition to operational and
failure states, various defective quality states. They also
incorporated the effects of quality states in the approximate
analytical assessment of buffer sizing / quality related
decisions in transfer lines. An important feature of the Kim-
Gershwin models is that they correspond to a fluid view of
the production process, although quality attributes remain
attached to discrete parts. A systematic taxonomy of quality
/quantity issues is also presented in Gershwin and Schick
(2007). By contrast with Kim and Gershwin, Colledani and
Tolio (2005, 2006) tackle simultaneous quality and
production issues within an entirely discrete framework: they
consider a production system with manufacturing and
inspection machines. Machines are unreliable and can fail in
different modes. In addition, the behaviour of the machines
can be monitored by control charts which are used to
generate information about their state. This latter work led us,
in Hajji et al. (2011), to consider the problem with a more
complete view of the interdependence of production and
quality. Hence, an unreliable system producing a mixture of
good and defective items, where the design of the product
specifications and the production control strategies involving
an economic decision making process was considered.
In the context of a failure prone manufacturing system, our
objective here is to address the multiple-product issue. To
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and production control strategy within a (parameterized) class
of policies combining multiple hedging inventory levels and
the engineering specification limits for each product. For
more details on the multiple hedging point structure control
strategy the reader is referred to Sharifnia (1988), Kenne et
al. (2003), Zanoni et al. (2006) and Gharbi et al. (2008)
where the performance of such control strategy in a dynamic
stochastic context was observed and analysed. Optimality is
defined here as a long term average per unit time measure of
quality and quantity dependent revenue from sales, minus
Proceedings of the 14th IFAC Symposium on
Information Control Problems in Manufacturing
Bucharest, Romania, May 23-25, 2012
978-3-902661-98-2/12/$20.00 © 2012 IFAC
981
10.3182/20120523-3-RO-2023.00399