November 2022 · Volume 11 · Issue 11 Page 3171 International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology Mohite S et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Nov;11(11):3171-3177 www.ijrcog.org pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789 Original Research Article Comparison of foeto-maternal outcomes of planned verses emergency caesarean section Shravani Mohite, Aakriti Anurag*, Jayshree Narshetty, Sushil Kumar INTRODUCTION Caesarean section is defined as the procedure of delivery of the fetus by an incision in the abdominal wall (laparotomy) followed by an incision on the uterine wall. In modern-day practice, the incidence of caesarean section varies from 20-25%. 1 Caesarean section is the most commonly performed obstetric surgery today. 2 In today’s health system, high caesarean birth rates are an issue of concern. The most frequent indications of perform caesarean sections include foetal distress, dystocia, failure of progress of labour, cephalopelvic disproportion, previous caesarean delivery and breech presentation, maternal requests. Some new indications for caesarean delivery include in all triplet pregnancies, in order to prevent vertical transmission of human immune- deficiency virus (HIV) infection or a transverse lie in the second twin. The commonest indication for emergency caesarean section was foetal distress while that for planned caesarean section was previous caesarean delivery. 3 The complications of caesarean section are observed more commonly in emergency than in planned sections. Perinatal mortality rates have gradually decreased but complication rates remain higher in emergency than DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20222815 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Received: 23 September 2022 Revised: 15 October 2022 Accepted: 17 October 2022 *Correspondence: Dr. Aakriti Anurag, E-mail: aakritiianurag@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Background: Caesarean section is the most commonly performed obstetrical procedure. Caesarean sections can be divided into either planned or emergent, with the latter accounting for a higher frequency of complications. Methods: A prospective observational comparative study conducted in the department of obstetrics & gynaecology at MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai over a period of 1 year. All women with singleton pregnancies undergoing emergency or elective caesarean section were included in the study. 600 patients were included with 300 in each group. Incidences of the various indications for caesarean sections was assessed for both groups. Relevant pre-operative, intra- operative and post-operative findings were noted. Maternal outcome assessed in terms of intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, need for intensive care unit (ICU) stay, maternal mortality rate. Foetal outcome was assessed in terms of APGAR score at birth, birth injuries, admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and perinatal mortality. Results: In our study, cases undergoing emergency caesarean sections were seen to have significantly higher rate of maternal as well as foetal complications as compared to those undergoing planned caesarean sections. Conclusions: Early pregnancy registration and thereby screening high risk patients for managing and planning accordingly for caesarean section, can significantly reduce the incidence of presumed risks, consequences and complications that may result due to emergency caesarean sections. Keywords: Emergency caesarean section, Elective caesarean section, Planned caesarean section, Maternal mortality, Neonatal mortality