American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research 4 (2): 97-102, 2009
ISSN 1818-6785
© IDOSI Publications, 2009
Corresponding Author: Nuhu A. Ademoh, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Nigerian Defence Academy, P.M.B 2109, Kaduna, Nigeria
97
Estasbishment of the Beneficial Effects of Addition of Linseed Oil to Foundry
Sand Cores Bonded with Nigerian Gum Arabic Grades 2 and 4
Nuhu A. Ademoh
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nigerian Defence Academy,
P.M.B 2109, Kaduna, Nigeria
Abstract: The effect of addition of linseed oil to Nigerian gum Arabic grades 2 and 4 on baked tensile strength
of sand cores used as implants in foundry moulds was studied. Defined quantities of gum Arabic and linseed
oil were mixed together and used to bind sand cores that were later baked at 180°C and 200°C and then analysed
for tensile strength to establish any property improvements over cores bonded with plain gum Arabic.
Core specimens shaped like figure eight in accordance with foundry practice were baked in an electrically
powered oven and then tested with a universal strength machine after oven cooling them to room temperature.
The research showed that addition of linseed oil to plain grades 2 and 4 Nigerian gum Arabic caused property
enhancements. The effects were in the form of increased tensile strength of baked cores of about 12% and
reduced baking period of about 1 hour. Permeability and shatter index were marginally reduced by about 3%
over cores bonded with plain gum Arabic. values were still within acceptable ranges for core applications.
Key words: Linseed oil Gum arabic Cores Effects
INTRODUCTION abundant in the country [7]. A research study by
Linseed oil is one of the traditional materials used in oils are suitable for binding foundry cores but with each
foundry binder for sand cores. It belongs to the group suffering from certain technical limitation. On this basis,
classified as drying oils [1]. Gum Arabic is natural resin this study is aimed at combining Nigerian gum Arabic
that contains arabin; a semi solidified sticky fluid that with linseed oil to produce high quality core binder to
oozes from incisions made on the bark of acacia trees [2]. ease. The objective of this paper is to mix each of grades
Gum Arabic was combined with different organic resins to 2 and 4 Nigerian gum Arabic exudates with quantities of
produce high quality core binders for foundry uses like imported linseed oil to bind core specimens, analyse
addition of 5% of the material to 10% sugar and protein specimens for permeability and tensile strength and
in a gelatinous mix derived from amino acid to bind compare result with standard in Table 1 [9] and previous
expendable cores for sand casting and combination of it works to ascertain property enhancement over cores made
with sugar, urea formaldehyde resin and boric acid to bind with plain single binders.
sand cores [3], [4]. Grade 2 Nigerian gum Arabic was used
to bind foundry core specimens baked at 180-220°C for Experimental Methodology: The green permeability,
1-3 hours and analysed for properties that proved the shatter index and baked tensile strength of specimens
material suitable for different alloys [5]. Grade 4 gum bonded with different blends of each of Nigerian gum
Arabic proved suitable for binding expendable cores in Arabic grades 2 and 4 with linseed oil were experimentally
another study in a series of researches to find extensive measured with a standard permeability meter, shatter
foundry uses for Nigerian gum Arabic [6]. machine and universal strength test machine using normal
Nigerian foundries including those of the integrated procedures of foundry laboratory. These properties
steel plants at Ajaokuta and Aladja depend on imported critically determine ability of cores to withstand interior
core binders like linseed oil due inadequate research on thermal stresses imposed on them and to enable them
the potentials of local materials like gum Arabic that is allow easy exit of the evolved gasses during casting for
Aponbiede [8] revealed that some indigenous vegetable