Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-018-3075-x
TRAUMA SURGERY
Which lateral clavicle fractures can be treated by an arthroscopic-
assisted endobutton procedure? An analysis of risk factors
Emanuel Kuner
1
· Frank J. P. Beeres
2
· Reto Babst
2
· Ralf Schoeniger
2
Received: 16 July 2018
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract
Introduction Arthroscopy-assisted treatment of lateral clavicle fractures with coracoclavicular stabilization and an endobut-
ton device have gained popularity over recent years. There is little evidence to support which types of lateral clavicle fractures
are suitable for this treatment. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical und radiological outcomes of this
treatment and to identify which fracture types are suitable. The secondary outcome was to evaluate potential risk factors for
complications
Material/methods A retrospective single center review of 20 unstable lateral clavicle fractures treated with an arthroscopy-
assisted CC stabilization technique and Endobutton device between September 2012 and August 2016. The functional
outcome was evaluated using Constant and DASH Scores, VAS and SSV.
Results Between September 2012 and August 2016, 20 patients were treated using this method (average age 45 years; male:
female ratio 14:6). The DASH Score was on average 2.0 (0–9.82) and the Constant Score on average 81.8 points (range
68–93) with an average diference between the afected and the unafected side of 4.1 points (range 0–15). Six patients had
nonunion fractures of which two needed revision.
Conclusions Our study shows that arthroscopy-assisted CC stabilization using an endobutton technique delivers good func-
tional results. Highly lateral unstable clavicle fractures seem to be especially suitable for this surgical technique. There was
a high number of delayed unions. Analysis of risk factors showed that early mechanical stress, a lateral clavicular fragment
larger than 3 cm and a time delay to surgery could be risk factors for nonunions.
Keywords Lateral · Clavicle · Fracture · Arthroscopic · Nonunion · Risk factors
Introduction
Clavicle fractures account for 2–5% of all fractures in adults
[1]. Approximately 12–25% involve the lateral clavicle [1].
The mechanism of accident usually involves direct impact
on the shoulder [2]. Neer’s classifcation is commonly used
to classify lateral clavicle fractures [3]. In this classifcation,
one can diferentiate between stable and unstable fractures
[3, 4]. In the case of stable Neer type I and III fractures,
nonoperative therapy is recommended [5, 6]. Neer type II
fractures are characterized by disruption of the coracoclav-
icular ligaments from the medial clavicular shaft [3]. There
is no consensus on what the best treatment is for unstable
lateral clavicle fractures (Neer type II). High nonunion rates
between 22–40% have been described with nonoperative
treatment [2, 7, 8], although up to 80% of these are asymp-
tomatic [7].
Emanuel Kuner and Frank J. P. Beeres were co-frst authors.
* Emanuel Kuner
emanuel.kuner@luks.ch
Frank J. P. Beeres
frank.beeres@luks.ch
Reto Babst
reto.babst@luks.ch
Ralf Schoeniger
ralf.schoeniger@luks.ch
1
Luzerner Kantonsspital, Spitalstr. 50, 6110 Wolhusen,
Switzerland
2
Luzerner Kantonsspital, Spitalstrasse 16, 6000 Lucerne,
Switzerland