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ISSN 1028-334X, Doklady Earth Sciences, 2017, Vol. 475, Part 1, pp. 797–802. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2017.
Original Russian Text © A.V. Maslov, N.V. Kozina, V.P. Shevchenko, A.A. Klyuvitkin, Ph.V. Sapozhnikov, P.O. Zavialov, 2017, published in Doklady Akademii Nauk, 2017,
Vol. 475, No. 2, pp. 195–201.
REE Systematics in Modern Bottom Sediments of the Caspian Sea
and River Deltas Worldwide: Experience of Comparison
Corresponding Member of the RAS A. V. Maslov
a
*, N. V. Kozina
b
, V. P. Shevchenko
b
**,
A. A. Klyuvitkin
b
, Ph. V. Sapozhnikov
b
, and Corresponding Member of the RAS P. O. Zavialov
b
Received September 30, 2016
Abstract—The results of comparison of a number of main parameters of the chondrite-normalized REE dis-
tribution spectra in modern bottom, mainly pelitic, sediments of various sedimentary subsystems of the Cas-
pian Sea and marginal filters of the Volga and Ural rivers with those characteristic of the pelitic fraction of
modern bottom sediments of different river deltas worldwide are discussed. According to the features of the
REE distribution spectra, as well as the ε
Nd
(0) values, it has been established that most samples of the Caspian
bottom sediments are similar to those of large rivers and rivers, draining watersheds composed of sedimentary
formations.
DOI: 10.1134/S1028334X17070170
An analysis of the REE distribution and the sys-
tematics of ε
Nd
(0) and the
87
Sr/
86
Sr ratio in the mod-
ern bottom sediments (MBS) of the Caspian Sea has
made it possible to establish that there are no distinct
differences in these parameters for bottom sediments
of the Volga River delta and the northern, central, and
southern regions of the Caspian Sea, i.e., all sedimen-
tary subsystems of the Caspian Sea [3].
In general, the features of the REE distribution and
87
Sr/
86
Sr systematics in modern bottom sediments of
the Caspian Sea indicate that the suspended matter
supplied by the Volga River dominates. Accordingly,
the role of the clastics, including the ultrafine-grained
fraction, which is supplied to the Caspian Sea from the
surrounding mountainous structures (Caucasus,
Elburz, etc.) is insignificant in the coastal area. This
work aims to specify the contribution of lithologically
different provenance areas to the creation of the geo-
chemical image of the Caspian MBS, taking into
account the modern data available on the REE distri-
bution and ε
Nd
(0) variations in the pelitic fraction of
modern bottom sediments of the river deltas world-
wide, attributed to various types [11].
The catchment area of the Caspian Sea includes
the Ural Fold System, the Russian Plate, Greater and
Lesser Caucasus, Iranian mountain structures, and
deserts of West Turkmenia and Kazakhstan, which are
composed of various sedimentary, magmatic, and
metamorphic rocks of a wide age range. The Urals are
composed of Upper Precambrian and Paleozoic mag-
matic, volcanogenic-terrigenous, and sedimentary
complexes. Among rocks, mafic rocks and granitoids
dominate [7, 10, etc.]. The cover of the Russian Plat-
form is represented by Devonian, Carboniferous,
Permian, Jurassic, and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks
[8]. The Greater Caucasus is composed of Mesozoic–
Cenozoic sedimentary and effusive formations, as well
as Paleozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks [2],
while the Lesser Caucasus consists of effusive, volca-
nogenic–sedimentary, and sedimentary formations,
intruded by ultramafic rocks and granitoids [3]. The
northern flank of the Elburz Mountains, facing the
Caspian Sea coast, is largely represented by Mesozoic
sedimentary rocks and Cenozoic volcanics. In the
Kopet Dagh Mountains, sedimentary formations
dominate [12]. This makes it quite difficult to estimate
the contribution of each of the above-mentioned
provenance areas to accumulation of modern bottom
sediments in the Caspian Sea and the creation of their
geochemical image, inasmuch as there is a lack of pub-
lished representative data on the distribution of a wide
range of impurities in the suspended matter discharged
by rivers into the Caspian Sea. For the Caspian Sea,
such data, on the contrary, are available [1, 5, 6, etc.].
It is possible to a certain extent to fill this gap by using
recently published data [11] on the REE distribution
in pelitic and silty fractions of modern bottom sedi-
GEOCHEMISTRY
a
Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural
Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620016
Russia
b
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy
of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
*e-mail: amas2004@mail.ru,
**e-mail: vshevch@ocean.ru