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Materials Today: Proceedings 9 (2019) 458–467
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*Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-4066531298; fax: +91-4066531413.
E-mail address: tapan.sau@iiit.ac.in
2214-7853 © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICNAN’16).
ICNAN 2016
Sol-gel synthesis and characterizations of morphology-
controlled Co
3
O
4
particles
Ramakrishna Itteboina
a
, Tapan K. Sau
b,
*
a,b
Center for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics,
International Institute of Information Technology-Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, India
Abstract
Cobalt oxide particles have emerged as one of the promising metal oxide systems for their unique properties and
various applications. This article reports syntheses of nano to micrometer sized morphology-controlled cobalt oxide
particles by using the sol-gel synthesis method. The method can produce cobalt oxide particles in gram quantity. We
explored the effects of various factors such the metal precursor, capping agent, solvent, calcination temperature, etc.
on the size and morphology of the synthesized particles. FTIR and XRD studies confirmed the formation of
crystalline Co
3
O
4
particles
.
Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) show that particles with sizes
ranging from 180 nm to 6 μm and morphologies mainly smoothed surfaced octahedra formed depending on the
metal precursor, capping agent, solvent and calcination temperature. The effects of three calcination temperatures
have been explored based on the thermal behavior of the particles as studied by the thermogravimetric and
differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). The powdered particles offer ~50 to ~75 m
2
/g Brunner-Emmett-Teller
(BET) surface area. The sol-gel technique is rapid, straightforward, and cost-effective and requires low processing
temperatures to produce the particles compared to solvothermal methods. The present study shows that a proper
choice of reaction conditions in a sol-gel method could be used to produce morphology-controlled cobalt oxide
particles of nanometer to micrometer sizes in high yield.
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
(ICNAN’16).
Keywords: Co
3
O
4
particles; calcination; morphology-control; sol-gel method; thermal analysis; field emission electron microscopy.