Please cite this article in press as: Partouche H, et al. Incidence of all-cause adult community-acquired pneumonia in primary care settings in France. Med Mal Infect (2017), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2018.02.012 ARTICLE IN PRESS +Model MEDMAL-3963; No. of Pages 7 Disponible en ligne sur ScienceDirect www.sciencedirect.com Médecine et maladies infectieuses xxx (2017) xxx–xxx Original article Incidence of all-cause adult community-acquired pneumonia in primary care settings in France , Incidence des pneumonies aiguës communautaires prises en charge en médecine générale en France H. Partouche a,* , A. Lepoutre b , C. Buffel du Vaure a , T. Poisson a , L. Toubiana c , S. Gilberg a a Département de médecine générale, faculté de médecine, université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris cité, 24, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France b Santé publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France c Inserm Umrs 1142 Limics, laboratoire d’informatique médicale et d’ingénierie des connaissances, université Pierre et Marie-Curie (UPMC), 75006 Paris 6, France Received 26 May 2017; received in revised form 18 October 2017; accepted 27 February 2018 Abstract Objectives. – To estimate the incidence of all-cause outpatient community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults in France from a national prospective observational study of CAP management in general practice (CAPA). Methods. – Patients aged over 18 years presenting with signs or symptoms indicative of CAP associated with recent onset of unilateral crackles on auscultation and/or a new opacity on chest X-ray were included in the CAPA study. An ancillary survey (AIMSIS) aiming at identifying family physicians’ difficulties in including patients and at collecting their opinion on the use of an electronic case report form, determined the number of non-included eligible patients. A three-step analysis was then performed, including computation of the total number of eligible patients, adjustment for seasonality, and extrapolation to the French FP population using indirect standardization to adjust for differences in characteristics between CAPA FPs and French FPs. Results. – Between September 2011 and July 2012, 267 (63%) CAPA investigators included 886 CAP patients. Most patients presented with mild CAP. The rates of hospitalization and one-month case fatality were 7% and 0.3%, respectively. Data from 336 (79%) AIMSIS investigators identified 641 additional patients and estimated at 234,023 the number of CAP patients per year (incidence of 4.7 per 1000 persons per year). Conclusions. – Using a pragmatic case definition of CAP patients, this study estimated an incidence of 4.7 per 1000 persons per year that is in the lower half of the range of estimated incidences reported in primary care settings in industrialized countries. © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Keywords: Community-acquired pneumonia; General practice Résumé Objectifs. – Estimer l’incidence des pneumonies aiguës communautaires (PAC) chez les adultes pris en charge en médecine générale en France à partir des données prospectives observationnelles de l’étude CAPA. Méthode. – Ont été inclus dans l’étude CAPA, tous les patients de plus de 18 ans avec symptômes ou signes suggestifs de PAC, associés à un foyer unilatéral de râles crépitants et/ou une opacité radiologique récente. Une étude ancillaire sur l’avis des investigateurs à propos des inclusions et de la saisie informatique (AIMSIS) a déterminé le nombre de cas éligibles non-inclus. Une analyse en trois temps a été réalisée : calcul du nombre total de patients éligibles, ajustement selon la saisonnalité puis extrapolation à la population générale en ajustant sur les différences de caractéristiques entre les investigateurs de CAPA et les médecins généralistes franc ¸ais.  The AIMSIS study was presented as a poster at the International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance: IMED Vienna, in October 2014.  The CAPA study was presented as a poster at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) in April 2013 in Berlin, Germany. It was published in npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine in March 2015 (Reference 9). * Corresponding author. E-mail address: henri.partouche@parisdescartes.fr (H. Partouche). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2018.02.012 0399-077X/© 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.