Tweens Perception of Advertising Using
an Older Cognitive Age
Tetty Rimenda
{rimenta@yahoo.com}
Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
Abstract. Cognitive age is people’s perception of the age which is younger or older than
their chronological age. This research investigated whether tween had a cognitive age
perception. Based on their cognitive, tweens have not been able to understand the
concept of a cognitive age, because their cognitive development is still in a concrete
operational phase, contrary from social view they are capable. The major purpose of this
research was to test tweens and determine if they can be influenced by ads using a
cognitive age concept. Data was collected from 115 tween boys and 95 tween girls (11-
12 years old). This study used experimental design 2 (cognitive age: congruent versus
incongruent) x 2 (ad model: male versus female) x 2 (age of model: peer versus
older).This study proved that tweens have a perception of the cognitive age. The desire to
have products in tween boys and girls is equally aroused by congruence with older
advertising models. The desire to evaluate products differs between tween boys and girls.
There is no difference between tween boys and tween girls in terms of giving references.
The findings also provide information for educators and parents to be more vigilant in
looking at various ad.
Keywords: cognitive age, congruence, tween
1. Introduction
The cognitive age concept is commonly used in an advertising format. Cognitive age is a person’s
perception of their age, which differs from their chronological age. A 60 year old person may feel that he/she
is 50 and their behavior is similar to people that are 50 years old. Cognitive age influences their buying
behavior, it can be seen from the choice of products they buy. The concept of cognitive age is applicable for all
ages, younger or older. However, characteristic of younger cognitive age is in the contrary to the older
cognitive age. Younger people tend to be in older cognitive age, while older people are vise versa.
The objective of this research was to evaluate if tweens can be persuaded by ads with a cognitive age
concept. The cognitive age concept is frequently used these days in an ad. Does tween already understand ads
message that use the cognitive age concept ? According to psychology, the child’ ability to understand
advertising message depends on their cognitive development. so the children can not yet understand an ad that
uses the concept of cognitive age. Conversely from social view, cognitive is not the only factor for children to
understand the ad. The ability of children’s to socialize also determines their understanding of advertising.
The novelty of this research because it is done on tween. Tween is a 10 – 12 years old child. They are
specials because they can influence their parents’ buying decision, they are very technological genious, and
rapid information development follower. The word tween is originated from the word “in -be-tween”. They do
not want to be considered children anymore, although they are not completely teenagers .Population of tween
is big enough (10% of Indonesian population) (Indonesia Statistics Bureau = BPS, 2010), so they are an
ICTES 2018, November 21-22, Bali, Indonesia
Copyright © 2019 EAI
DOI 10.4108/eai.21-11-2018.2282300