CHINA FOUNDRY Special Review Osarue Osaruene Edosa 1, 2 , Francis Kunzi Tekweme 1 , and *Kapil Gupta 1 1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa 2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, William V.S. Tubman University, Harper, Maryland County, Republic of Liberia 1 Introduction Over the years, squeeze casting technology has progressed from small to large-scale commercial applications. It has been employed in the production of varieties of products ranging from household items to high integrity structural components. This process is suitable for small components weighing up to 30 kg. Currently, parts such as brake calipers, suspension arms, pistons, connecting rods, and automotive wheels, etc., can be produced by squeeze casting [1-3] . The squeeze casting has been successfully used to fabricate metallic alloys, bimetals and metal matrix composites (MMC) [4-9] . Squeeze casting process involves the solidification of molten metal in a preheated die under squeeze pressure. Substantial material saving, the ability to deal with a wide range of materials, and near-net-shape fabrication are the significant benefits of squeeze casting process [2, 10-12] . Abstract: Squeeze casting is a well-established and reliable process for fabricating high-integrity metallic alloys, bimetals, and composites. The quality and high performance of squeeze cast components are dependent on optimum casting conditions. Inappropriate selection of parameter values may adversely affect the quality of the casting. The squeeze cast components are generally subjected to secondary processing such as heat treatment, extrusion, and other bulk deformation processes to improve the microstructural features and mechanical properties. Heat treatment further refnes the grains and reduces porosity, consequently improving tensile strength, and hardness; however, ductility decreases. This paper provides a comprehensive review on studies concerning the infuence of processing parameters on porosity, density, percentage elongation, strength, hardness, wear, and fracture of squeeze casting alloys, aiming to provide suffcient information on the squeeze casting process and the effects of processing parameters on product quality. Keywords: composites; microstructure; optimization; porosity; solidifcation; squeeze casting CLC numbers: TG146.21 Document code: A *Kapil Gupta Male, born in 1981, Professor. Research interests: advanced and sustainable manufacturing of engineered products. To date, he has published 80 technical papers. E-mail: kgupta@uj.ac.za Received: 2022-03-02; Accepted: 2022-09-11 Squeeze casting for metal alloys and composites: An overview of influence of process parameters on mechanical properties and microstructure The applied squeeze pressure which is less than forging pressure causes rapid solidifcation cooling rate due to higher heat transfer rate, reduction in gas and bubble nucleation, and reduction in solidification time which results in refne grain structure and enhanced mechanical properties of the castings [3, 13-15] . Squeeze casting method can overcome the limitation associated with other liquid metallurgy methods such as gravity casting, permanent mould casting, etc. [13,16-18] . Squeeze cast components are characterized by minimal porosity, enhanced mechanical properties, refned grain microstructure, better surface fnish, good dimensional accuracy, and improved wear properties because of the impact of squeeze pressure [2, 14, 19, 20] . Some of the drawbacks associated with this technology include micro-segregation, shape and size limitation, high tooling cost and short die life span [5, 21] . Squeeze casting is also adaptable for semi-solid metal processing. Compared to conventional squeeze casting, the semi- solid squeeze cast (SSSC) components exhibit improved mechanical properties and microstructural features [22] . This improvement can be attributed to the nucleation of refned grains at the semi-solid temperature and the uniform distribution of interfacial precipitates at grain boundaries due to the squeezing pressure. Dao et al. [23] https://doi.org/10.1007/s41230-022-2030-1 www.springer.com/41230