NE US Academic Publishers Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences April 2020 | Volume 8 | Issue 4 | Page 370 INTRODUCTION C ancer chemotherapy is considered to be a major treatment at late stages to avoid the remission of cancer after surgery (Poornima et al., 2014). It is a typical methodology of treatment for several types of cancer (Sahin et al., 2010). Doxorubicin is one of the most efective anticancer chemotherapeutic belonging to anthracycline antibiotic group and it has a large spectrum of activity (Coldwell et al., 2010). It is being used alone or in combination to treat a variety of tumors, both hematological and solid, such as breast cancer ( Jabłonska-Trypuc et al., 2017). Despite its therapeutic value, doxorubicin has signifcant cardiotoxicity (Kuznetsova et al., 2011), hepatotoxicity (Patel et al., 2010) nephrotoxicity (Mohan et al., 2010) and testicular toxicity (Trivedi et al., 2011) which limit its clinical application. It also inhibits cell proliferation, induces oxidative stress, inhibits topoisomerase II, and fnally leads to the cell death mainly through apoptosis (Ta et al., 2008; Sathesh et al., 2010; Cao et al., 2013). Although infammation, apoptosis, mitochondrial DNA damage, impairment of calcium metabolism and excessive production of free radicals may all contribute to a variable extent to the deterioration of organ function, the exact mechanism of doxorubicin- mediated multiple organ toxicity remains largely unknown (Gharanei et al., 2014). Doxorubicin tends to accumulate in mitochondria, causing changes in their structure and function. However, the main cause of doxorubicin side Research Article Abstract | Tis study aims to assess the preventive efects of rutin and/or quercetin on doxorubicin-induced kidney and heart injuries and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Te male Wistar rats, injected with doxorubicin at an intraperitoneal dose 2 mg/kg b.w. 2 days per week for 5 weeks, were orally treated with rutin and/or quercetin with dose level 50 mg /kg b.w. every other day for 5weeks. Te treatments of doxorubicin-injected rats with rutin, quercetin and their combination resulted in a signifcant decrease in the elevated serum creatinine and urea levels refecting an improvement in kidney function. Similarly, the elevated serum CK-MB and LDH activities were signifcantly ameliorated as a result of treatments of doxorubicin-injected rats, thereby manifesting an amendment of heart function. Te treatments also led to the prevention of the elevated lipid peroxidation and amelioration of the lowered GPx, GST and SOD activities as well as GSH content in kidney and heart as a result of treatment of doxorubicin-injected rats with rutin and quercetin. Also, the treatments remarkably improved doxorubicin-induced deleterious histological alterations in kidney and heart. In conclusion, rutin and/or quercetin may have chemopreventive potentials against doxorubicin-induced nephrocardiotoxicity via suppression of oxidative stress and enhancement of antioxidant defense system. Keywords | Rutin, Quercetin, Doxorubicin, Kidney, Heart, Oxidative stress HEBA UALLAH R. MAHMOUD, OSAMA M. AHMED, HANAA I. FAHIM, NOHA A. AHMED*, MOHAMED B. ASHOUR Efects of Rutin and Quercetin on Doxorubicin-Induced Renocardiotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats Received | December 05, 2019; Accepted | February 17, 2020; Published | March 20, 2020 *Correspondence | Noha A. Ahmed, Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salim St., 62514, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Email: drnohascience@science.bsu.edu.eg, drnohascience@gmail.com Citation | Mahmoud HUR, Ahmed OM, Fahim HI, Ahmed NA, Ashour MB (2020). Efects of rutin and quercetin on doxorubicin-induced renocardiotoxicity in male wistar rats. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 8(4): 370-384. DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2020/8.4.370.384 ISSN (Online) | 2307-8316; ISSN (Print) | 2309-3331 Copyright © 2020 Mahmoud et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt.