International Section Arch. Esp. Urol., 61, 1 (87-91), 2008 BLADDER LEIOMYOMA: CASE REPORT Octavio Castillo 1, 2 , Alejandro Foneron 1 , Gonzalo Vitagliano 1 , Rafael Sánchez-Salas 1 , Manuel Díaz 1 , Marcelo Fajardo 1 y Carmen Franco 3 . Unidad de Endourología y Laparoscopia Urológica 1 . Clínica Santa María. Departamento de Urología 2 . Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile. Departamento de Anatomía Patológica 3 . Clínica Santa María. Chile. Correspondence Octavio Castillo Unidad de Endourología y Laparoscopía Urológica Clínica Santa María Av. Santa María 0500. Providencia Santiago de Chile. (Chile). octaviocastillo@vtr.net Accepted for publication: May, 15th, 2007 Summary.- OBJECTIVE: Leiomyoma is a benign le- sion which represents 0,04-0,5% of bladder tumors. It is more common in females and its peak incidence is between 4th and 5th decades. Surgery is the treatment of choice and adequate results have been previously reported. METHODS: 38 years old male patient who consulted for chronic pelvic pain syndrome. CT scan showed a 2cm diameter exophitic lesion at the anterior left lateral bladder wall, which protruded into the perivesical fat. We performed a laparoscopic partial cistectomy loca- ting the tumor and resecting it with simultaneous cystos- copic control, obtaining negative margins. The opera- Resumen.- OBJETIVO: El leiomioma es una lesión be- nigna que representa entre el 0,04-0,5% de los tumores vesicales no editoriales. Es más frecuente en mujeres y su pico de incidencia está entre la 4ª y 5ª décadas. La cirugía es el tratamiento de elección, habiéndose comu- nicado previamente resultados adecuados. MÉTODOS: Paciente varón de 38 años de edad que consultó por síndrome de dolor pélvico crónico. La to- mografía axial computarizada mostraba una lesión exofítica de 2 cm. de diámetro en la parte anterior de Keywords: Laparoscopy. Bladder leiomyoma. Partial cystectomy. tive time was 70 minutes with an intraoperative blood loss of 50 ml. Postoperative period was uneventful. Final pathology reported: Bladder wall leiomyoma, without mitosis or atypia. Immunohistochemistry was positive for Actine and Vimentine stablishing diagnosis. Cd 117 (c- kit) was negative and ruled out a Gastrointestinal Stro- mal Tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Leiomyoma is bladder’s most com- mon benign non epithelial tumor. It represents 35-46% of these lesions with a 2:5 male/female ratio. It origins from the smooth muscle bundles and at the urinary tract the most common localizations are kidney and bladder. Clinical presentation depends on tumor size and locali- zation. Ultrasound is the most useful diagnostic tool and the pathological diagnosis is mandatory. Surgery is the treatment of choice and technique depends on tumor size and localization. The laparoscopic approach see- ms to be an effective alternative in this group of tumors. Prognosis is good and recurrence is rare.