Open Education Studies, 2022; 4: 241–251
Research Article
Joaquim Escola, Natália Lopes, Paula Catarino*, Ana Paula Aires
Microsoft 365 as a Tool for Teaching During the
Covid-19 Pandemic: Perceptions of Portuguese
Teachers of Basic and Secondary Education
https://doi.org/10.1515/edu-2022-0015
received November 11, 2021; accepted April 18, 2022.
Abstract: In the last year, and largely due to the
pandemic situation of COVID-19, teachers experimented
with technology in an innovative way not only to keep
students engaged, but also to make learning more active
and more significant. The Microsoft 365 was one of the
solutions that provided schools, teachers and students
with all the necessary resources to continue teaching
and learning in a remote mode. In this work, we present
a study that aims to know the opinions of several teachers
about the use they made of Microsoft 365 during distance
education and to know the degree of satisfaction obtained
with its use. The adopted method has a descriptive and
exploratory nature, focusing on a quantitative paradigm.
The study participants were 101 teachers of basic1 and
secondary education2 from schools in Northern Portugal.
A questionnaire survey was used as a data collection
instrument, which was mainly disseminated by email
from Outlook. Data analysis was performed using Excel
(Office 2016). The results suggest that Microsoft 365 was
the appropriate response to the constraints imposed by
the pandemic, and that most respondents revealed a high
1 Portuguese basic education consists of three cycles:
- 1st cycle, from 1st to 4th year (ages 6 to 10);
- 2nd cycle, from 5th to 6th year (ages 11 to 12);
- 3rd cycle, from 7th to 9th year (ages 13 to 15).
2 Portuguese secondary education consists of three years: 10th, 11th
and 12th years (ages 16 to 18).
level of satisfaction with its use, despite not having much
training in the use of teaching platforms.
Keywords: Microsoft 365; distance learning; digital
platforms; teaching and learning methodologies.
1 Introduction
As with remote work, in recent times, distance education
(DE) has also become evident and popularized as a
practical, more economical and viable option for students
and teachers worldwide. In fact, the pandemic situation
that we are experiencing, forced changes in education in
all world (Unesco, 2020a; Unesco, 2020b; Unesco, 2020c;
Unesco, 2020d; Unicef, 2020). We all had to adapt, and
teachers had to change their practices and adapt their
teaching methods. To this end, to develop the digital skills
of teachers, and to respond to the demands of today’s
society, the Portuguese Directorate-General for Education
(DGE) prepared the Digital Training Plan for Teachers
where the digital platforms will have a more active role,
as it is necessary that teachers see technologies as allies
in motivating and awakening students to the path of
knowledge. Following this line, the teacher will have
the mission of adapting their teaching methods to new
technologies, to distance learning, revealing an effective
receptivity and availability to change, as well as constant
updating. Consequently, we agree with Lopes, Escola and
Raposo-Rivas (2014, p. 371), since it is
“It is essential to learn to master the technological tools to
better plan and contextualize them in the curriculum. More
than a mere mediator between knowledge and students, the
teacher should know how to use ICT and how to integrate them
into the curriculum. It is clear that the training of teachers must
be developed so that they have a technological culture, but also
that it implies a pedagogical renewal, allowing the maximum
pedagogical profitability of the means” [Translation done by the
authors].
*Corresponding author: Paula Catarino, Universidade de Trás-os-
Montes e Alto Douro,Portugal; Lab_DCT- polo of CIDTFF-Research
Centre on Didactics and Technology in the Education of Trainers of
University of Aveiro, Portugal, E-mail: pcatarin@utad.pt
Joaquim Escola, Natália Lopes, Ana Paula Aires, Universidade de
Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Joaquim Escola, IF - Portuguese Research Centre of Philosophy of
University of Porto, Portugal
Ana Paula Aires, Lab_DCT- polo of CIDTFF-Research Centre on
Didactics and Technology in the Education of Trainers of University
of Aveiro, Portugal
Open Access. © 2022 Joaquim Escola et al., published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License.