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International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 2022; 8(4): 185-188
ISSN Print: 2394-7489
ISSN Online: 2394-7497
IJADS 2022; 8(4): 185-188
© 2022 IJADS
www.oraljournal.com
Received: 21-10-2022
Accepted: 24-11-2022
Diana Cecilia Contreras Sandoval
Universidad Autónoma De
Nuevo León, Facultad De
Odontología, Master Degree in
Prosthodontics, Monterrey, NL
CP 64460, México
Ismael Alejandro Guerrero
Rodríguez
Universidad Autónoma De
Nuevo León, Facultad De
Odontología, Master Degree in
Prosthodontics, Monterrey, NL
CP 64460, México
Norma Cruz Fierro
Universidad Autónoma De
Nuevo León, Faculty of
Dentistry, Master Degree in
Prosthodontics. Monterrey, NL
CP 64460, México
Patricia García Palencia
Universidad Autónoma De
Nuevo León, Facultad De
Odontología, Microbiology
department. Monterrey, NL CP
64460, México
Corresponding Author:
Diana Cecilia Contreras Sandoval
Universidad Autónoma De
Nuevo León, Facultad De
Odontología, Master Degree in
Prosthodontics, Monterrey, NL
CP 64460, México
Increase in bruxism cases during COVID pandemic
Diana Cecilia Contreras Sandoval, Ismael Alejandro Guerrero Rodríguez,
Norma Cruz Fierro and Patricia García Palencia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/oral.2022.v8.i4c.1645
Abstract
Introduction: Bruxism is currently a very common disorder in patients and there has been an increase in
cases since COVID started. Studies and clinical cases have shown that different adverse effects occur as
a result.
Objective: To provide information about bruxism during the pandemic. It also explains the adverse
effects that occur with this disorder: attrition, prosthetic complications, and temporomandibular
disorders.
Methods: An electronic article search was carried out through the PubMed and Mendeley databases,
using the keywords: "bruxism", "COVID", "anxiety", Boolean operators were used as AND and OR.
Results: Since the pandemic generated psychological stress, more patients developed bruxism. One of
the effects in patients with bruxism is attrition, which occurs due to the grinding and clenching of the
teeth. As much force is exerted on the teeth to suffer from this disorder prosthetic treatments tend to
present complications. Bruxism and temporomandibular disorders have a great relationship since one
lead to the other, signs include facial pain, headache, muscle pain, among others.
Conclusion: The pandemic has caused an increase of the cases of patients with bruxism due to the stress
generated, which has adverse effects such as attrition, prosthodontics complications and
temporomandibular disorders. It is important to detect this disorder in the patients before it starts to
damage dental health and to know how to manage the cases depending on the problems they have.
Keywords: COVID, bruxism, anxiety
1. Introduction
Bruxism is a repetitive activity of the masticatory muscles characterized by clenching or
grinding teeth, or by strengthening or pushing the jaw
[1]
. It is nonfunctional activity of the
dentomaxilar apparatus with repetitive and unconscious movements
[2]
.
There are two types of bruxism that can occur during the day with a awake patient and at night
when sleeping. A study showed that the prevalence of bruxism in awake patients is 15.2% and
in patients who sleep 32%
[1]
. Awake bruxism refers to clenching teeth and jaws during
wakefulness. Sleep bruxism is defined as clenching or grinding of teeth during sleep
[3]
.
Different causes of bruxism have been studied, in adults some of them are stress, smoking,
alcoholism, consumption of coffee, insomnia, anxiety
[4]
. Other psychosocial factors, such as
depression and catastrophism, can influence on this disorder
[5]
.
In December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), began to spread worldwide
[6]
. The
World Health Organization declared it as a pandemic and a public health emergency of
international importance in March 2020.
COVID-19 has affected health and wellbeing globally. In addition to health, monetary,
community, the psychological impacts of this pandemic are increasingly being reported in the
scientific literature
[7]
. Bruxism is now a disorder that becomes more common with the
presence of COVID.
With the emergence of COVID, people’s common psychological responses to the pandemic
included stress, concern, and sadness
[6]
. All of these can influence oral and maxillofacial
syndromes, such as temporomandibular (TMD) and bruxism, which could further aggravate
orofacial pain
[8]
.