Universal Journal of Agricultural Research 10(6): 651-659, 2022 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2022.100606
An Empowerment Model for Traditional Pitalah Duck
Farmers in Riau Province-Indonesia
Kiagus Muhammad Zain Basriwijaya
1,2,*
, Dwi Sunarti
2
, Titik Ekowati
2
, Wulan Sumekar
2
1
Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Samudra, Indonesia
2
Doctor of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agriculture, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Received July 16, 2022; Revised October 27, 2022; Accepted November 14, 2022
Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Kiagus Muhammad Zain Basriwijaya, Dwi Sunarti, Titik Ekowati, Wulan Sumekar , "An Empowerment Model
for Traditional Pitalah Duck Farmers in Riau Province-Indonesia," Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol.
10, No. 6, pp. 651 - 659, 2022. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2022.100606.
(b): Kiagus Muhammad Zain Basriwijaya, Dwi Sunarti, Titik Ekowati, Wulan Sumekar (2022). An Empowerment Model
for Traditional Pitalah Duck Farmers in Riau Province-Indonesia. Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(6),
651 - 659. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2022.100606.
Copyright©2022 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract The purpose of this research is to create a
model to enable traditional duck farmers to increase their
income. The data in this study consisted of primary and
secondary data. Primary data were collected through a
questionnaire about farmer’s attitude toward livestock
business and income of the business of Pitalah ducks.
Secondary data were collected from libraries and official
sources related to the research. Respondents were 180
Pitalah duck breeders from 7 sub-districts. The research
data were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression after
a Classic Assumption Test was performed to meet the
criteria of BLUE (Best Linear Unbiased Estimator). The
lowest revenue received from the business is
Rp.10,647,082 while the highest revenue received is Rp.
24,852,811. This range of revenue is due to differences in
the revenue received from the sale of eggs (including those
consumed) and the final value they have. Real revenue is
received from selling Pitalah Duck’s eggs. The results of
the regression analysis showed that X1 (knowledge) and
X2 (attitude) did not affect the level of income. The value
of X3 affected the level of income because of the efforts to
increase the income of the farmers, to select the seeds
produced, to provide feed and drink, to be responsive
whenever there is sick cattle, and to accept new technology
in order to increase the income of farmers.
Keywords Pitalah Ducks, Interest, Empowerment,
Model, Traditional Farmer
1. Introduction
Livestock is one of the agricultural sub sectors that has
an important role in providing animal protein. Ducks
commodity is a lot of cattle maintained by farmers on a
scale people through production of eggs and meat. Pitalah
duck is one of the genetic resources of poultry that needs to
be developed [1]. Pitalah duck is a livestock commodity
which has potential to be developed due to their high yield
of eggs production (180 – 200 eggs/year/head) with egg’s
weight around 60-70 g/gram, while the weight of a mature
free-range duck is around 1464±246 g/head [2]. Pitalah
Duck farming business will have big potential if the
farmers can make its maintenance pattern more intensive,
and if there is support from the local government [3].
The population of Pitalah duck is 248,919 [4], partly
centralized in Rokan Hulu Regency, one of the new
expanded districts (since 1999) in the Province of Riau.
The people of Rokan Hulu are still a relatively traditional
community, and most of them run a Pitalah duck farming
business as a side business to increase their income [5,6].
Various studies have stated that the national duck farming
business run by farmers has still not been able to contribute
a maximum income [7] for the farmers [8]. The traditional
scale in running the business has created obstacles in
production, processing, capital, marketing, business
climate, and human resource capabilities [9]. This issue is a
challenge to increase Pitalah duck farming business in
Rokan Hulu [10,11].