50 Volume 2, Issue 1, 2021. 50-59 DOI: 10.30546/azjcvs.2021.2.1.50 THE RISK OF RENAL AND NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS AFTER RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY OF THE AORTIC ARCH IN NEWBORNS Yuriy SINELNIKOV , : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8294-662X Novosibirsk Research Institute of Blood Circulation Pathology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, named after Meshalkin E; Russian Federation Elnur HASANOV , : https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6695-5772 National Centre of Surgery of the Azerbaijani Ministry of Health, named after Topchibashev, Baku, Azerbaijan Faig MIRZAZADE : https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5076-017X National Centre of Surgery of the Azerbaijani Ministry of Health, named after Topchibashev, Baku, Azerbaijan ABSTRACT When reconstructing the aortic arch (AA), it is necessary to select a method that provides optimal protection of the internal organs and the brain. It was previously believed that the hypothermic circulatory method was optimal. However, recently, the application of antegrade cerebral perfusion with moderate hypothermia has proved preferable when performing reconstructive operations on the aorta on adult patients and some children. In these instances, continuous cerebral perfusion reduces the incidence of neurological complications. However, the degree of damage to the organ systems distal to the AA remains unclear.The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of various methods for protecting the brain and internal organs during reconstructive operations on the AA in small children. A retrospective analysis of 60 patients who had received reconstructive operations on the AA was undertaken. The neurological status and the degree of damage to internal organs in the short- and long-term, combined with the application of various methods for protecting the brain, were assessed. Surgical correction of the congenital pathology of the AA under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest conditions was performed in 26 patients (Group I) and antegrade unilateral selective perfusion of the brain was used for 34 patients (Group II). Nervous system complications were detected in 28.5% of patients in Group I, whereas it affected 7.9% of patients in Group II. Thus, the odds ratio for development of the neurological case was signiϐicantly lower for Group II: 0.17 (0.06–0.69), p = 0.02. However, in this Group, patients with renal dysfunction equated to 58.7%, whereas this ϐigure was 23.7% for Group I, p = 0.02. Key words: AA reconstruction, newborn, profound hypothermia, antegrade cerebral perfusion, renal dysfunction ARTICLE INFO Article type: Original Article Article history Received: 05 September, 2020 Accepted: 27 December, 2020 Published: 29 January, 2021 © 2021 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.