EPSC Abstracts
Vol. 14, EPSC2020-326, 2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/epsc2020-326
Europlanet Science Congress 2020
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Chemical inventory of Class I protostars with IRAM-30m: A bridge
between protostars and planet-forming disks
Seyma Mercimek
1,2
, Claudio Codella
1,3
, Linda Podio
1
, Eleonora Bianchi
3
, Layal Chahine
3,4
, Ana
Lòpez-Sepulcre
3,4
, Roberto Neri
4
, and Cecilia Ceccarelli
3
1
INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125, Firenze, Italy (mercimek@arcetri.astro.it)
2
Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
3
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
4
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, 38406 Saint-Martin d’Hères, France
Understanding how molecular complexity varies in Sun-like star forming regions is mandatory to
comprehend whether the chemical composition of the protostellar stages is inherited by
protoplanetary disks and planets. In this perspective, our ambitious overall goal is to follow the
chemical evolution from the earliest protostellar stages to the relics of our pristin Solar System, i.e.
comets. We investigate the chemical composition of Class I protostars, with a typical age of 10
5
yr.
Class I sources represent a bridge between Class 0 protostars (about 10
4
yr), where the bulk of the
material that eventually form the protostar is still in the envelope, and the Class II protoplanetary
disks (10
6
yr). The importance of the Class I stage has been recently strengthened by recent ALMA
images showing that planet formation occurs already in disks with ages < 1 Myr. Unfortunately, only
very few Class I sources, e.g. SVS13-A and Ser-17, have been chemically characterized through
spectral survey at millimeter wavelengths. Therefore, we are still far to conclude if Class I protostars
are also a bridge from a chemical point of view.
In this context, and in the framework of the H2020 MSCA ITN Project AstroChemical Origins
(www.aco-itn.org), we present a chemical census of 4 Class I sources: L1551-IRS5, L1489-IRS (in
the Taurus star forming region) and B5-IRS1, L1455-IRS1 (in Perseus). We used IRAM 30m single-
dish observations at 1.3 mm sampling spatial scales of 1500-2500 au. We detect up to 80 lines
(depending on the source) due to 27 species: from simple molecules (e.g. S-bearing: OCS, H
2
S,
CCS, H
2
CS, N-bearing: CN, HNCO, C-chains: c-C
3
H
2
, c-C
3
H, D-species: CCD, DCN, D
2
CO, CH
2
DOH,
ions: N
2
D
+
, DCO
+
) to the so called interstellar Complex Organic Molecules (iCOMs), which can be
considered as the bricks of a prebiotic chemistry (H
2
CO, H
2
CCO, CH
3
OH, CH
3
CN, CH
3
CHO, CH
3
CCH,
HCOOCH
3
).
All the sources are associated with high-velocity CO, H
2
CO, and SO outflows. In addition, our
observations show a chemical differentiation, that can be summarized as follows: (1) we detect hot
corino chemistry in one source, L1551 -IRS5, revealed by iCOMs as well as OCS, H
2
S, which could
be the main S-bearing carriers on icy grains; (2) the envelopes of all the protostars are rich of
carbon-chains molecules; (3) we find that the iCOMs of L1551 have similar abundance ratio, within
one order of magnitude, as Class 0 and Class I hot corinos previously observed.