Review Article
Radiological Analysis of COVID-19 Using Computational
Intelligence: A Broad Gauge Study
S. Vineth Ligi ,
1
Soumya Snigdha Kundu ,
2
R. Kumar ,
1
R. Narayanamoorthi ,
3
Khin Wee Lai ,
4
and Samiappan Dhanalakshmi
1
1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology,
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu,
Chennai, TN, India
2
Department of Computer Science Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology,
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Chennai, TN, India
3
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology,
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu,
Chennai, TN, India
4
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Correspondence should be addressed to Khin Wee Lai; lai.khinwee@um.edu.my and Samiappan Dhanalakshmi; dhanalas@
srmist.edu.in
Received 13 August 2021; Revised 13 December 2021; Accepted 7 January 2022; Published 23 February 2022
Academic Editor: Cosimo Ieracitano
Copyright © 2022 S. Vineth Ligi et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Pulmonary medical image analysis using image processing and deep learning approaches has made remarkable achievements in
the diagnosis, prognosis, and severity check of lung diseases. e epidemic of COVID-19 brought out by the novel coronavirus has
triggered a critical need for artificial intelligence assistance in diagnosing and controlling the disease to reduce its effects on people
and global economies. is study aimed at identifying the various COVID-19 medical imaging analysis models proposed by
different researchers and featured their merits and demerits. It gives a detailed discussion on the existing COVID-19 detection
methodologies (diagnosis, prognosis, and severity/risk detection) and the challenges encountered for the same. It also highlights
the various preprocessing and post-processing methods involved to enhance the detection mechanism. is work also tries to
bring out the different unexplored research areas that are available for medical image analysis and how the vast research done for
COVID-19 can advance the field. Despite deep learning methods presenting high levels of efficiency, some limitations have been
briefly described in the study. Hence, this review can help understand the utilization and pros and cons of deep learning in
analyzing medical images.
1. Introduction
e pandemic brought forth by the coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) not only sustains a devastating response on the
well-being and health of the worldwide population but also
demands a high rate of monitoring so that it does not extend
on its destructive path. A vital aspect of the battle against
COVID-19 is the efficient examination of the patients, which
can help the infected receive quick treatment and immediate
care. As of now, the customary screening process to identify
COVID-19 is the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain
reaction (RT-PCR) test method. is test identifies the
presence of SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA) in respi-
ratory specimen samples (obtained via a range of procedures
such as the nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabs) [1]. e
RT-PCR test method, despite being effective, has a few
shortcomings. It is time-consuming, complicated, and in-
volves a lot of manual labor. All these concerns make it
difficult to comb through the highly populated regions
where millions have to be tested in a rapid norm. It is also
Hindawi
Journal of Healthcare Engineering
Volume 2022, Article ID 5998042, 25 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5998042