1. Introduction
Recently, there has been renewed interest in apply-
ing biodegradable thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs)
for biomedical implants. TPEs are favored over chem-
ically crosslinked networks because of their remold-
ability and easy processability. Unlike crosslinked
elastomeric networks, TPE demonstrates elastomeric
properties due to physical crosslinks that are formed
as a result of microphase separation between hard
and soft segments. Typically, soft segments can pro-
vide elasticity and flexibility while hard segments
offer the necessary physical crosslink sites.
Polyurethanes (PU) and poly(urethane urea) (PUU)
have been intensively studied for several decades
for mainly tissue engineering scaffolds and vascular
implants because of their compatibility, elasticity
and ease of surface modification. The hard segment
in PUs typically contains diisocyanate, and their
modification is an accepted way to alter properties
of thermoplastic PU and PUU. One can enhance
elasticity of PU by using an aliphatic diisocyanate
instead of aromatic diisocyanate; and improve ten-
sile strength and Young’s modulus by increasing
hard segments content [1]. However, increasing the
897
Enhancing mechanical properties of thermoplastic
polyurethane elastomers with 1,3-trimethylene carbonate,
epsilon-caprolactone and L-lactide copolymers via soft
segment crystallization
S. S. Liow
1*
, V. T. Lipik
1
, L. K. Widjaja
1
, S. S. Venkatraman
1
, M. J. M. Abadie
1,2
1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore
639798, Singapore
2
Laboratory of Polymer Science and Advanced Organic Materials, LEMP/MAO, Université Montpellier 2, Place
Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
Received 11 February 2011; accepted in revised form 13 April 2011
Abstract. Multiblock thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers based on random and triblock copolymers were synthesized
and studied. Dihydroxyl-terminated random copolymers were prepared by ring opening copolymerization of !-caprolac-
tone (CL) and 1,3-trimethylene carbonate (TMC). The triblock copolymers were synthesized by using these random
copolymers as macro-initiator for the L-lactide (L-LA) blocks. These random and triblock copolymers were further reacted
with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and chain extended by 1,4-butanediol (BDO). The polymer structure and
chemical composition were characterized by
1
H NMR
13
C NMR and SEC. Their thermal and mechanical properties were
studied by using DSC and Instron microtester. Multiblock polyurethanes based on random PCL-co-PTMC copolymers
showed strain recovery improvement with increasing PCL content. However, these polyurethanes were unable to sustain
deformation at body temperature due to the melting of PCL crystals and low hard segments content. With the presence of
crystallizable PLLA blocks, mechanical properties were improved at body temperature without compromising their good
strain recovery.
Keywords: biodegradable polymers, thermoplastic polyurethanes, soft segment crystallinity, strain recovery, elastomers
eXPRESS Polymer Letters Vol.5, No.10 (2011) 897–910
Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com
DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2011.88
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: Liow0019@e.ntu.edu.sg
© BME-PT