54 Nonconventional Technologies Review 2016 Romanian Association of Nonconventional Technologies Romania, September, 2016 PARAMETERS ANALYSIS OF THE PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS TO THE VARIATION OF THE INCLINATION ANGLE TO HORIZONTAL PLANE Carmen O. Molnar 1 , Darie V. Șoproni 2 , Mircea N. Arion 3 , Francisc I. Hathazi 4 1 Electrical Engineering Department, University of Oradea, Bihor, Romania, e-mail: cmolnar@uoradea.ro 2 Electrical Engineering Department, University of Oradea, Bihor, Romania, e-mail: vsoproni@uoradea.ro 3 Electrical Engineering Department, University of Oradea, Bihor, Romania, e-mail: marion@uoradea.ro 4 Electrical Engineering Department, University of Oradea, Bihor, Romania, e-mail: francisc.hathazi@gmail.com ABSTRACT: This paper deals with a major technical problem, namely the use of solar energy to produce thermal energy. In this since has been studied the behaviour of a photovoltaic systems, being analysed the behaviour of the system depending on the angle of inclination varying between 30, 45 and 60 degrees relative to a horizontal plane. KEY WORDS: Energy conversion, solar heating, renewable energy sources, photovoltaic variables measurement. 1. INTRODUCTION Increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic systems in terms of electricity production is obtained by increasing the number of units installed with the disadvantage that both project expenditures increase with the use of multiple solar panels and also the space used by these panels. In remote areas inhabited, placed at long distance from the public system of electricity distribution, the option of coupling to the mains electricity can be done, but involves considerable costs. In these circumstances an attractive and inexpensive solution is represented by the use of the photovoltaic systems. For the moment, the use of photovoltaic systems in such locations may be preferred due to the reduced impact on the environment, correlated with the performance increase of storage batteries (rechargeable) or to promote renewable electricity supply services for the isolated systems used in information and communications (radio, TV, phone). Minimal energy demand for the domestic lighting, or other low electricity request for different services such as refrigeration, can also be satisfied by such photovoltaic systems. The production of electricity by using photovoltaic panels is appropriate in the current context of Romania [1], [2]. According to the legal framework that supports renewable energy, the payback period is between 5-14 years. In this sense is necessary to support the electricity production by using photovoltaic panels based in Romania, which the European level is about 2-3 euros / W p. In this paper were debated the fixed PV systems, tilt at 30 o , 45 o and 60 o towards the horizontal plane. 2. SIMULATION OF FUNCTIONING PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS DEPENDING ON THE ANGLE OF INCLINATION Simulation of operating conditions of the system, in order to determine the operating parameters of photovoltaic panel depending on the angle of inclination thereof relative to the horizontal plane was made using RETScreen software package [6]. In this sense was performed a number of 10 simulations where were are considered fixed photovoltaic panels, by using RETScreen - SFV software package. 2.1 Simulation with RETScreen of SFV fixed panel In order to obtain a sufficient amount of electricity which can then be used, in the systems with fixed photovoltaic panels these can be set to an angle to the horizontal namely 30° / 45° / 60°; in the amount of electricity might be used for the lighting of streets, or to supply energy for different facilities in the city or in remote locations. In the first stage of the analysis has been chosen the type of project, namely the production of electricity, and is the photovoltaic technology applied to an isolated network [3]. In the next step, was chosen the geographic locality Oradea, characterized by geographic coordinates where can be determined the meteorological data which have a great importance on the results of the use of photovoltaic panels (Table 1) [4]. In order to perform the simulation has been used RETScreen software, with which we achieved several types of simulations that are divided into several situations.