www.ijecs.in International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242 Volume 7 Issue 3 March 2018, Page No. 23674-23679 Index Copernicus Value (2015): 58.10, 76.25 (2016) DOI: 10.18535/ijecs/v7i3.02 Deepthi K Prasad, IJECS Volume 7 Issue 3 March 2018 Page No. 23674-23679 Page 23674 Severity Analysis of Macular Edema using Random Tree Classifier Deepthi K Prasad* 1 , Vibha L 2 , Venugopal K R 3 1 Full Time Research Scholar, Department of CSE, B N M Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 2 Professor, Department of CSE, B N M Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 3 Principal, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Abstract: Macular edema ensues when there is abnormal pile-up of fluid and results in swelling of the macula part of the retina. It is commonly associated with diabetes. It can be diagnosed by identifying exudates in the retinal images. In the proposed work, macular the retinal image is pre-processed, enhanced and segmented using morphological operations. The optic disc and macula are segmented. Various statistical features are extracted. Optimal features are selected using Haar wavelets. The selected features are classified using Random tree classifier to detect the severity of the disease in to three stages namely, normal, mild and critical. The accuracy obtained is 98.4%. Keywords: Macular edema, exudates, macula, optic disc, Haar wavelets, Random tree, Classification. 1. Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder which occurs when the pancreas do not produce adequate insulin in the body. According to the WHO global report [16] there were 1.5 million deaths in the world caused only due to diabetes. If the blood sugar levels are not controlled properly, the retina may get damaged, resulting in partial or total vision loss. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the injury to the retina caused due to the damaged blood vessels. Studies prove that the percentage of retinopathy in people with diabetes is s 35% [1]. If DR is not detected at early stage, the aqueous fluid leaked by the blood vessels accumulates in the macula region of the retina. This causes the macula to swell and is referred as macular edema (ME). ME is the most common reason for vision loss among people with DR. ME, if left untreated can result in serious vision loss and even blindness. The most simple and effective way of detecting ME is by checking for the presence of Exudates in the retinal region. Exudates occur when the capillaries leak lipids and plasma. The surplus collection results in the inflammation of the retina. The image with macular edema is given in Figure 1. Figure 1. Retinal Image with Macular Edema Macular edema usually doesn‟t show any visible symptoms when it develops. Blurred vision and loss of sharp sight are the major symptoms once the disease starts progressing. Motivation: Macular edema is a retinal bruise caused due to repercussion of DR. It may lead to vision loss, if not diagnosed at an early stage. Manual detection of this disease is not adaptable due to the shortage of experts or equipment in rural areas. A computerized ME detection system can overcome these limitations and refer only those