Jurnal Teknologi dan Rekayasa Sumber Daya Air Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021) p. 489-500
© Jurusan Teknik Pengairan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya
JTRESDA
Journal homepage: https://jtresda.ub.ac.id/
*Penulis korespendensi: auliarahmawatimuarifah@gmail.com
Studi Perbandingan Metode Standardized
Precipitation Index (SPI) dan Rainfall Anomaly
Index (RAI) untuk Mengestimasi Kekeringan pada
DAS Welang
Aulia Rahmawati Muarifah
1
*, Donny Harisuseno
1
, Ery Suhartanto
1
1
Jurusan Teknik Pengairan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya
Jl. MT. Haryono No. 167, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
*Korespondensi Email: auliarahmawatimuarifah@gmail.com
Abstract: In Welang wateshed there are 20 villages in 5 sub districts in Pasuruan
Regency and 19 villages in 9 sub districts in Malang Regency that are classified as
drought prone areas. Therefore it is necessary to do drought analysis. This study aims
to know the results of comparison meteorological drought index using Standardized
Precipitation Index (SPI) and Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) and to know the
suitability method when applied in Welang watershed for drought estimated. Also,
spatial analysis using ArcGIS 10.3 aims to determine areas that are potentially
affected by drought in the Welang watershed. The drought analysis results are SPI
produced the minimum value drought index was -4.09 at 3-month period time scale.
RAI was produced minimum index value of -3.93 at 1-month period time scale. After
analyzing the hydrological drought index using the Standardized Streamflow Index
(SSI), the correlation results are weak. Therefore, a qualitative comparison option was
chosen by comparing the discharge pattern and monthly rainfall data where the RAI
method was chosen as a more suitable method for use in Welang watershed. Spatial
interpolation was performed by Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) in years with the
most extreme dry events, which are in 2007 and 2015. The result showed that 42
villages have the potential to be affected by meteorological drought and the dry
months are August, September and October.
Keywords: drought, distribution, rainfall anomaly index, standardized precipitation
index, standardized streamflow index
Abstrak: Pada DAS Welang terdapat 20 desa di 5 kecamatan di Kabupaten Pasuruan
serta 19 desa di 9 kecamatan di Kabupaten Malang yang termasuk daerah rawan
kekeringan. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan analisis kekeringan. Studi ini bertujuan
untuk mengetahui hasil perbandingan indeks kekeringan meteorologi metode
Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dan Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) serta
kesesuaian metode apabila diterapkan di DAS Welang dalam mengestimasi
kekeringan. Selain itu analisis spasial dengan bantuan software ArcGIS 10.3 bertujuan
untuk mengetahui daerah yang berpotensi terdampak kekeringan pada DAS Welang.
Hasil analisis kekeringan Metode SPI menghasilkan indeks kekeringan paling
minimum pada stasiun hujan Purwodadi sebesar -4,09 pada periode 3 bulanan.