367 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 M. Ochs et al. (eds.), Systemic Research in Individual, Couple, and Family Therapy and Counseling, European Family Therapy Association Series, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36560-8_20 The SCORE in Europe: Measuring Effectiveness, Assisting Therapy Peter Stratton, Alan Carr, and Luigi Schepisi Introduction There are powerful demands on us to adapt our practices according to what evidence shows to be effective, and so we should. Unfortunately the research method that has become dominant, the randomised control trial (RCT), is clearly not generally appropriate for systemic family therapy. RCTs require an unequivo- cally diagnosed condition and two standardised treatments with patients allocated randomly to one or the other (think blue versus red pills). In the real world, systemic couple and family therapy (SCFT) clinics, like some other therapies, see a great variety of clients, many of whom do not have a DSM-type diagnosis; we discover the problems during treatment not at referral; and we treat people in their relation- ships, not diagnoses. Even so, many researchers have managed to accumulate convincing evidence primarily using the RCT paradigm. In 2005 AFT sponsored the frst report which collated the published evidence base of systemic family therapy. Since that time, especially while I (PS) was funded as the AFT “Academic and Research Development Offcer”, we have undertaken various initiatives to make the evidence base available while exploring the reasons for its limitations. The third version of the report P. Stratton (*) Leeds Institute of Health Sciences (LIHS), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK A. Carr School of Psychology, University College Dublin, and Clanwilliam Institute Dublin, Dublin, Ireland L. Schepisi Centro di Studi e di Applicazione della Psicologia Relazionale, Prato, Italy