©EIJEAS 2018 Volume: 4, Issue: 9, 42-62, Ohio, USA
Electronic International Journal of Education, Arts, and Science
http://www.eijeas.com
42
Negotiation of Meaning and Corrective Feedback in Face-to-Face and Computer-Mediated
Interactions
Angelica Ribeiro
Texas A&M University, ribeiro475@hotmail.com
Abstract
This case study examines corrective feedback strategies in face-to-face (FTF) interaction versus
text synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC) between a second language (L2)
learner and a native speaker of English. The following research questions guide this study: (a)
What corrective feedback strategies are used when negotiations occur in FTF and text-SCMC
task-based interactions? (b) Which corrective feedback strategies lead to more opportunities for
L2 learning through FTF and text-SCMC task-based interactions? The data collection consisted
of a background questionnaire, an FTF task, a text-SCMC task, and an open-ended
questionnaire. Negotiation instances and corrective feedback strategies were coded. Content
analysis was used to analyze the open-ended questionnaire responses. Results indicated that the
FTF mode promoted more negotiations of meaning and corrective feedback strategies, especially
repetitions and elicitations. Results also demonstrated that the lack of particular corrective
feedback strategies (e.g., recasts) and uptake may have impacted the opportunities for L2
development. Moreover, results provided evidence to support that text-SCMC could be an
appropriate tool for language acquisition.
Keywords: computer-mediated communication, corrective feedback, negotiation of meaning,
second language development, face-to-face interaction