Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2015, Vol. 3, No. 5, 136-139
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/aees/3/5/2
© Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/aees-3-5-2
Influence of Prolonged Food Deprivation on Ascorbic
Acid Levels of the Brain and Liver in Clarias batrachus
(LINN.)
Nayan Kumar Prasad
*
Tribhuvan University, Nepal
*Corresponding author: nayankumar.prasad@gmail.com
Received September 02, 2015; Revised September 19, 2015; Accepted October 12, 2015
Abstract The present paper deals with the effect of starvation on ascorbic acid contents of brain and hepatic
tissues in both the sexes of Clarias batrachus. The level of ascorbic acid content was found relatively higher in
males than in females. The brain showed higher value of ascorbic acid in normal condition (43.24mg/100gm in male
and 40.65mg/100gm in female) in comparison to the liver (17.59mg/100gm in male and 13.32mg/100gm in female).
During prolonged food deprivation, the gradual decrease in ascorbic acid level has been noticed in both the types of
tissues which can be related to enhanced gluconeogenesis. The higher depletion has been observed in liver (73% in
male & 78% in female) and lower depletion in the brain (57% in male &48% in female) after 40 days of starvation.
Keywords: ascorbic acid, brain, Clarias batrachus, liver, starvation
Cite This Article: Nayan Kumar Prasad, “Influence of Prolonged Food Deprivation on Ascorbic Acid Levels
of the Brain and Liver in Clarias batrachus (LINN.).” Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, vol. 3, no. 5
(2015): 136-139. doi: 10.12691/aees-3-5-2.
1. Introduction
Food, shelter and propagation are the three basic needs
of living world and vast majority of population has been
suffering from food deprivation since time unknown.
According to WHO, hunger is the single greatest threat to
the world biota. Food-deprivation influences the biology
of animals at various levels, especially the biochemical
composition of various organs. In fact, organisms facing
the starvation fight it at the cost of their own body
reserves till death.
Starvation is experienced in most species of fish during
certain periods of every year largely due to environmental
conditions and it affects different organs in different ways.
Starvation also affects the physiology and other
constituents of fish [5,6,14,18]. Prolonged starvation
effects on red and white muscles of two fresh water teleost
fishes have been studied by Kiran & Talesara [10]. They
found a sharp decline in spontaneous activity and
metabolic rate during prolonged starvation which was
reflected by reduced activities of succinic dehydrogenase
and mitochondrial – ATPase in myotomal muscle. Borah
& Yadav [3] worked on the biochemical and haematological
response to starvation in H. fossilis. They reported the
decrease in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in both
liver and muscles as a function of starvation. The amount
of protein, glucose and glycogen also decreased as the
period of starvation increased. Letcher et al. [12] showed
the size – dependent effects on starvation and mass loss in
yellow perch larvae and juveniles. There is increasing
evidence that starvation may be a major cause of mortality
in both immature and adult fishes. Fasting also affects
metabolic enzymes, RNA/DNA ratio and proteins in fish.
It has a great impact on fish growth. Therefore, the present
study was planned to determine the starvation effects in an
economically important siluroid species.
In the present investigation, the common Indian air-
breathing catfish, Clarias batrachus were used as
experimental animals as they are easily available in local
ponds and rivers. These can sustain starvation for
prolonged period. The present study is aimed to know the
facts and causes of starvation and their consequent
impacts on animals. A number of similar studies have
been carried out by many workers but most of the works
have been confined to mammalian fauna. In Nepal, little
works have been done to study the starvation-induced
effects in fishes. So, it is pertinent to see and reveal the
effect of starvation on fish as there is a unique feature of
fish to withstand prolonged starvation through
physiological and biochemical changes [15].
In the light of above fact, the present work has been
designed to know the level of ascorbic acid content of
brain and hepatic tissues of Clarias batrachus during
prolonged period of starvation of 40 days by estimating
ascorbic acid constituents at an interval of every 10 days.
2. Materials & Methods
For the present investigation, healthy live fish were
collected from a local fish pond with the help of fishermen.
The fish were brought to the laboratory in large earthen