729 © 2019 Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research
Original Article Research Article
Introduction
Social media usage has become a part of everyday life for most
young people the world over in the 21st century.
[1]
It is currently
one of the most popular leisure activities among young people.
Social media provides a platform for interactions among people
in which they create, share, and exchange information and ideas
in virtual communities and networks
[2,3]
in ways that only a few
years earlier seemed unthinkable to even the most advanced
scientists. Yet now it has more infuence on our lives than we
could possibly imagine. Social media provides us with a forecast
in ten seconds or less, internet banking, and most importantly,
social media such as Facebook, Instagram, twitter etc., has taken
the technology world to a new level through social networking.
[4]
Social networking is an internet based application; its usage
begins with the creation of a unique account or profle which
links people or organizations to share knowledge with others
within the site across several countries. Example of social
networks includes Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp,
2go, Viber, WeChat, and many others.
[4]
Over the years, social networkers have increased from a few
thousands to billions of users. Higher institutions have also
appreciated the importance of social networking and were
also involved in disclosing information about online social
networking involvement to their students.
[1]
Social networks
today are being used by teachers, lecturers and students as
communication tool.
[5]
However the growth and popularity
of social networking sites coupled with their addiction by its
How to Cite this Article: SOche OM, et al. Prevalence and Effect
of Social Media on Sleep among Students of Higher Institutions in
Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto State Nigeria. Ann Med Health Sci Res.
2019;9:729-735.
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usage is a growing problem among young people and students
in general.
[6]
In Nigeria, the number of social network users is
on the rise. The long hours used for social networking causes
problems for students ranging from altered sleep pattern, lack
of concentration and poor academic performance.
[7]
Facebook
users in the UK cumulatively spend a week on the average
each year on social media sites whilst in bed thereby increasing
the risk of suffering from a sleep disorder such as insomnia.
[8]
Another study conducted among university students showed
that up to 95% of respondents use social media every night
before going to sleep.
[1]
Social media is a convenient method of communication
providing the user the ability to stay connected with friends
and family at the discretion of the users’ own rate and time.
[9]
Social media are highly effcient because they are one of many
methods of communication that allow users to quickly and
widely disseminate information. Duggan and Brenner observed
that 83% of 18-29 year olds disseminate information via social
networking sites.
[10]
Research has shown that exposure to bright light from computer
Prevalence and Efect of Social Media on Sleep among
Students of Higher Insttutons in Sokoto Metropolis,
Sokoto State Nigeria
Oche Mansur Oche*, Godwin Jiya Gana, Musa Yahaya, Ibrahim Khalid and Maryam Ladan
Abdulrahman Sambo
Department of Community Health, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Abstract
Background: Social media use is a very popular leisure activity that is common amongst young
people globally. There is increasing evidence that students spend several hours daily on social
media with afectation of sleep duration. Sleep duration of 7 to 9 hours daily is needed for
normal healthy function of the human body. This study was conducted to determine the efect of
social media on sleep patern among students of higher institutions in Sokoto metropolis, Sokoto
State. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out among 381 students of
higher institutions in Sokoto metropolis using multistage sampling technique. Frequencies of
the various variables were tabulated and chi-square tests were done as appropriate. Results:
About 67.4% of the respondents were within the age group 20-24 years. A total of 97.9% of
the respondents used social media with WhatsApp ((84.9%) and Facebook ((81.7%) being the
commonly used platforms. More than a quarter ((27.4%) used social media for more than 3 hours
in a day. About 92% of the respondents used social media at night. Almost half of the respondents
who used social media at night have their sleep duration afected by its use. Those using it for
more than 2 hours at night were 5 times more likely to have sleep afectation ((AOR=2.9 – 7.3,
p<0.000). Conclusion: The study demonstrated high prevalence of social media use amongst
students of higher institutions in Sokoto with a signifcant proportion of them having sleep
duration shortened. Schools and the general public should be made to create awareness on the
negative impact of using social media among students especially at night.
Keywords: Social media; Social network sites; Students; Sleep; Higher institutions
Corresponding author:
Oche Mansur Oche, Department
of Community Health, Usmanu
Danfodiyo University, Sokoto,
Nigeria,
Tel: +2348-35045144;
E-mail: ochedr@hotmail.com