Study of Anxiety and Depression among Breast Cancer Patents from
North India
Vivek Srivastava
1
, Mumtaz Ahmad Ansari
1
, Anand Kumar
1
, Agni Gautam Shah
1
, Rakesh
Kumar Meena
1
, Prasant Sevach
1
and Om Prakash Singh
2
1
Department of General Surgery, Insttute of Medial Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
2
Department of Medicine, Insttute of Medial Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Corresponding Author: Vivek Srivastava, Department of General Surgery, Insttute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi,
India, Tel: 0542-2312856; E-mail: vivekims97@gmail.com
Om Prakash Singh, Department of Medicine, Insttute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, Tel: 9453109844; E-mail:
opbhu07@gmail.com
Rec date: Jan 18, 2016; Acc date: Feb 15, 2016; Pub date: Feb18, 2016
Copyright: © 2016 Srivastava V et al. This is an open-access artcle distributed under the terms of the Creatve Commons Atributon License,
which permits unrestricted use, distributon, and reproducton in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of psychological distress
among breast cancer patents is high, and they are at
higher risk of developing severe anxiety, depression and
potental mood disorders. In the present study, we
conducted prospectve study to determine the socio-
economic factors associated with anxiety and depression
among breast cancer patents and to access the changes
of psychological distress afer the completon of
treatment at 1 year of follow-up.
Methods: This study was conducted among breast cancer
patents enrolled in the Department of General Surgery,
Sir Sunderlal Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi,
India. A total of 200 patents who were diagnosed from
January, 2013 to December, 2014 were interviewed using
the questonnaires of Hospital Anxiety and Depression
(HADS). The HADS was administered at two tme points:
at tme of diagnosis and 12 months afer completon of
treatment. The associated factors investgated concerned
socio-demographics, socio-economic background and the
cancer stage.
Results: Prevalence of anxiety and depression among the
breast cancer patents was 37.0% (n=74) and 28.0%
(n=56) respectvely. We found strong associaton of
anxiety with age group (p=0.014), educatonal level
(p=0.034), monthly income (p=0.001) and fnancial
support (p=0.041). However, marital status (p=0.014),
monthly income (p=0.017), accompanying person
(p=0.005) and fnancial support (p=0.002) were
signifcantly associated with depression. Binary logistc
regression analysis shows age younger than 50 years old,
those earned less income, illiterate or low level of
educaton, being single and receiving less fnancial
support are more likely to have anxiety. For depression,
those earned less income, being single and receiving less
fnancial support are more likely to have depression. At
the 12 month follow-up, 184 breast cancer patents were
re-interviewed. We found signifcant improvement
(P<0.001) afer 12 month follow-up in both anxiety and
depression level (mean anxiety level improved from 11.14
± 4.23 to 8.64 ± 3.63 and mean depression score
improved from 6.87 ± 3.11 to 5.13 ± 4.51.
Conclusion: Study clearly shows that younger age group,
low monthly income, having less fnancial support, low
educaton level and being single were associated with
anxiety and depression. For managing breast cancer
patents, more care or support should be given to this
type of patents as they are at high risk of anxiety and
depression.
Keywords: Breast cancer; Anxiety; Depression; Hospital
Anxiety; Depression score
Introducton
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and
the leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide,
accountng for 23% (1.38 million) of the total new cancer cases
and 14% (458,400) of the total cancer deaths in 2008. In Asia,
breast cancer incidence peaks among women at the age of 40
year whereas in the United States and Europe, it peaks among
women at the age of 60 year. In India pre-menopausal patents
consttute about 50% of all patents. Over 100,000 new breast
cancer patents are estmated to be diagnosed annually in
India. As per the ICMR-PBCR (Indian Council of Medical
Research- Populaton Based Cancer Registries) data, breast
cancer is the commonest cancer among women in urban
registries of Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, and
Trivandrum where it consttutes >30% of all cancers in females.
In the rural PBCR of Barshi, breast cancer is the second
commonest cancer in women afer cancer of the uterine
cervix. The age standardized incidence rates (AARs) range from
6.2-39.5 per 100,000 Indian women. The AARs vary from
Research
iMedPub Journals
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Clinical Psychiatry
Vol.2 No.1:
2016
© Copyright iMedPub | This article is available from: http://clinical-psychiatry.imedpub.com/
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