Available online at www.medicinescience.org
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Medicine Science 2019;8(4):814-9
Antioxidant effect of grape molasses in rat heart tissues
Tugba Raika Kiran
1
, Onder Otlu
2
, Ercan Karabulut
3
, Ahu Pakdemirli
4
, Nermin Ozcan
1
1
Iskenderun Technical University Engineering and Faculty of Natural Sciences, Depatrment of Biomedical Engineering, Iskenderun, Turkey
2
Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Malatya, Turkey
3
Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, Turkey
4
Dokuz Eylul University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Izmir, Turkey
Received 26 Juny 2019; Accepted 17 August 2019
Available online 23.10.2019 with doi:10.5455/medscience.2019.08.9092
Copyright © 2019 by authors and Medicine Science Publishing Inc.
Abstract
Grape molasses, which is rich in mineral substances such as favonoids, polyphenol, antioxidants, iron, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium is a natural
nutrient, that is concentrated with boiling without adding any additive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of molasses and resveratrol diets on oxidative
stress parameters in cardiac damage induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). A total of 42 Wistar albino female rats were divided into six groups with
seven in each. Control group was administered subcutaneous injection of 1 mL mixture including 20 mL sesame oil + 30 mL Dimethyl Sulphoxyde (DMSO); DMBA
group received subcutaneous injection of 10 mg/Kg DMBA on the 0th and 7th days. DMBA + Molasses group received DMBA application and feed containing 20 %
molasses; DMBA + Resveratrol group received subcutaneous injection of DMBA + 10 mg/Kg resveratrol a day. Molasses group received feed with 20 % molasses, and
Resveratrol group received subcutaneous injection of 10 mg/Kg resveratrol a day. There was a statistically signifcant difference between the DMBA group and DMBA +
Molasses, control, resveratrol and molasses groups in terms of nitric oxide activity. There was a statistically signifcant difference between the DMBA group and DMBA
+ Resveratrol, DMBA + Molasses, control, molasses and resveratrol groups in term of malondialdehyde (MDA) activity. There was a statistically signifcant difference
between DMBA groups, and DMBA + Molasses, DMBA + Resveratrol, and control groups in terms of glutathione (GSH) activity. Based on these results, it could be said
that grape molasses could provide protection against oxidative stress as resveratrol, decreasing the risk of damage by free radicals.
Keywords: Grape molasses, resveratrol, oxidative stress, DMBA, heart
Medicine Science
International
Medical Journal
814
Introduction
Today, while industrial developments greatly facilitate our lives,
it cannot be ignored that it increases environmental pollution.
Industrial pollutants negatively threaten our health through their
negative effects on air, water, soil, and foods.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are released to nature
during coke production, heating of residences and natural events
such as forest fres and volcanoes, due to incomplete burning of
fossil fuels, oils, tobacco and organic substances. Atmospheric
transportation and accumulation of PAHs are commonly seen in the
ecosystem [1]. PAHs that in the procarcinogen class are involved
among carcinogens because of the suppression and inhibition of the
immune system, their immunotoxic effects and formation of free
radicals [2]. A PAH derivative, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
effects for humans and animals. DMBA contributes to the initiation
of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis with cellular macromolecular
(DMBA) is among the oldest atmospheric pollutants with its
mutagenic, cytotoxic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive
damage by playing an active role in the formation of free radicals
[3].
Free radicals are unstable and highly reactive molecules, that are
formed by endogenous or exogenous sources in the cells, and carry
uncompensated electrons on them. Free radicals include different
species such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, singlet
oxygen, nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite. The most important
radicals in biological systems are oxygen-induced reactive
oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidant defense system decelerates
or eliminates ROS-induced damage. However, oxidative stress
occurs as a result of increased reactive oxygen species due to
different reasons as well as the antioxidant mechanism that remain
insuffcient [4].
Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic
phytoalexin found in grapes, wine, peanuts, and blueberries,
which shows antioxidant, anti-ischemic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-
hypertensive effects, anti-infammatory, and anticarcinogenic
properties. Its heart-protective effect has been named as French
*Coresponding Author: Tugba Raika Kiran, Iskenderun Technical University
Engineering and Faculty of Natural Sciences, Depatrment of Biomedical
Engineering, Iskenderun, Turkey E-mail: traika.kiran@iste.edu.tr