Research Article
A Technology Survey on IoT Applications Serving Umrah and Hajj
Muhammad Binsawad
1
and Marwan Albahar
2
1
King Abdulaziz University, Computer Information System Department, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Science, Umm Al Qura University, P. O. Box 715, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence should be addressed to Marwan Albahar; marwanalialbahar@gmail.com
Received 2 May 2022; Revised 22 June 2022; Accepted 24 June 2022; Published 12 August 2022
Academic Editor: Manikandan Ramachandran
Copyright © 2022 Muhammad Binsawad and Marwan Albahar. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative
Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original work is properly cited.
Emerging technologies provide a highly compatible platform for analyzing substantial data volumes relating to crowd man-
agement. ese technologies are not only effective in providing remedial solutions but they are also cutting-edge, saving both time
and money, and user-friendly. About twenty percent of the world’s Muslims are granted the ability to take part in religious
observances on an annual basis. An in-depth analysis of the technologies and applications used in the Hajj and Umrah systems is
required given the importance of utilizing and adapting technology to assist pilgrims performing the Hajj and Umrah. Both of
these pilgrimages are considered acts of worship by Muslims. As a result, the services provided during Umrah and Hajj will be
significantly enhanced if the numerous technological advancements that are evaluated in this paper are implemented. e
majority of previous research is shown to revolve around artificial intelligence and embedded Internet of ings technologies in
the paper, highlighting a gap in the research that should be filled by investigating the necessity of discussing and introducing
immersive technologies. During the annual pilgrimage to Makkah, Saudi Arabia, several different technologies are utilized with
the goal of enhancing the quality of services provided to pilgrims performing the Umrah and Hajj. is paper provides an analysis
of these technologies. e findings of this paper point to new research directions as well as a more realistic and practical approach
to improving services during Umrah and Hajj.
1. Introduction
In recent years, the field of Internet of ings (IoT) tech-
nologies has advanced significantly in a variety of industries
and spheres of human activity. Today, technological ap-
plications are essential to the growth and prosperity of
people and nations across the globe and in sensitive services.
Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam and is an annual Islamic
pilgrimage to the Saudi Arabian city of Makkah. Hajj is also
referred to as a religious obligation that every physically fit
and financially able adult Muslim must perform once every
few years. When pilgrims from around the world reach the
vicinity of the city of Makkah, they may be constrained by
specific religious obligations [1]. In the context of Hajj, a
large number of pilgrims must be efficiently managed due to
a problem with crowd management that necessitates the use
of technology [2]. e concept of crowd management is
regarded as the most significant challenge facing Hajj and
many other countries where large groups of people con-
gregate. e procedure for controlling the flow of crowds has
been described as an important and crucial concern, par-
ticularly when a matter or an accident causes panic [3]. us,
the concept of the emergence of technologies could aid in the
development of crowd management solutions for actual
disasters. In the past few years, the world has witnessed a
variety of crowd-related disasters, including the deaths of
thousands of people. For centuries, Hajj has been one of the
most crowded places because it annually attracts millions of
pilgrims to congregate in one location. e Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia has been working to serve and manage the
pilgrims, and Hajj aims to provide the best possible safety
and security measures with regard to the facilities used for
crowd control [2]. Utilizing modern technology in crowd
management may be the optimal way to overcome the
challenge and dispose of the potential problem. In the last 10
years, the Internet of ings (IoT) has created a primary
Hindawi
Applied Computational Intelligence and So Computing
Volume 2022, Article ID 1919152, 10 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1919152